Allocating Underground Dam Sites Using Remote Sensing and GIS Case Study on the Southwestern Plain of Tehran Province, I
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Allocating Underground Dam Sites Using Remote Sensing and GIS Case Study on the Southwestern Plain of Tehran Province, Iran Amirmassoud Fathi1 • Taesam Lee2 • Hamid Mohebzadeh2 Received: 23 July 2018 / Accepted: 28 January 2019 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2019
Abstract Systematic planning for extraction of underground water resources using the modern techniques is an essential task for appropriate use, protection and management of these vital resources. This study aims to develop a method for determining appropriate locations for underground dam (UGD) construction with the help of geospatial and multi-criteria analysis. This study was conducted over an area of 3396 km2 located in the southwest of Tehran province. The geographic information system, remote sensing and the mathematical method of the analytical hierarchy process were used to produce a map for the five categories from very high potential areas to very low potential ones, which indicate the suitability for UGD construction. The map was produced with the input variables such as precipitation, recharge, geological situation, lineament density, slope, density of the drainage streams and depth of groundwater. The weights for each factor were assigned according to its effect on the groundwater potential, and finally, the map was produced from the spatial weight model. The map showed that the Tehran–Karaj plain has generally an average potential for constructing UGDs with an area of 1562 km2, which covers 46% of the whole study area. The results of this study and obtained maps provide the useful information that can be used by decision makers and managers in exploration and optimal management of groundwater resources. Keywords Underground dam (UGD) GIS Remote sensing Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) Iran
Introduction Nowadays, supplying required water has become a serious challenge for human beings for more than one billion people in the early twentieth century to more than six billion people at the end of this century, due to the rapid increase in the world population. This challenge has been more serious in many countries that are in a semiarid region like Iran (Nelson et al. 2003). Due to the lack of spatial and temporal uniform distribution of rainfall over the earth surface, the climatic and topographic situations of the arid and semiarid regions have forced the residents of & Hamid Mohebzadeh [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
2
Department of Civil Engineering, ERI, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, South Korea
these regions to utilize further the groundwater, and the fundamentals of many human societies are based on groundwater resources (Antonakos et al. 2014; Chenini et al. 2010; Chezgi et al. 2016). When geological condition is available, the construction of UGD can be a feasible alternative for groundwater recharge and development in water resources (Elewa and Qaddah 2011; Gupta and Sriv
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