Altered VEGF, Bcl-2 and IDH1 expression in patients with adenomyosis
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GENERAL GYNECOLOGY
Altered VEGF, Bcl‑2 and IDH1 expression in patients with adenomyosis Cem Yalaza1 · Necmiye Canacankatan2 · İclal Gürses3 · Hakan Aytan4 · Bahar Taşdelen5 Received: 2 February 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease resulting from the myometrial invasion of the endometrial gland and stroma. In the current study, angiogenesis, apoptosis and energy metabolism were investigated in adenomyosis. Methods A retrospective study was performed using paraffin archival tissues. Three groups were included in the study: Group I and Group II; ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissues of patients with adenomyosis, respectively, and Control Group; endometrial tissue of individuals without adenomyosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1A) levels were evaluated as angiogenic markers. Bcl-2, caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels were investigated as apoptotic indicators, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (SDHC) and fumarate hydratase (FH) levels were also examined as energy metabolism markers. Gene expression levels of all parameters were determined by RT-PCR. Result VEGF expression levels were found to be increased in Group I according to the control group and Group II. Bcl-2 expression levels were found to be increased in the Group I compared to the Group II. It was determined that expression levels of IDH1 were decreased in the Group I and Group II compared to the Control Group. There was no significant difference in the other examined parameters. Although we did not find a significant difference in HIF-1A levels between the groups, we found a positive correlation between VEGF and HIF-1A in the Group I. Conclusion These results point out that VEGF, HIF-1A, Bcl-2 and IDH1 may be associated with the etiology of adenomyosis. Keywords Adenomyosis · VEGF · Bcl-2 · IDH1 · HIF-1A
Introduction Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium [1, 2]. The most common symptoms are abnormal uterine bleeding, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain [1]. Adenomyosis may also be asymptomatic in some * Cem Yalaza [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
3
Department of Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
4
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
5
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
individuals. Although it is a common disease, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear [3, 4]. Adenomyosis is usually associated with other beni
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