An eco-friendly and simple sol-gel autocombustion method for synthesis of copper hexaferrite nanostructures: characteriz
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
An eco-friendly and simple sol-gel autocombustion method for synthesis of copper hexaferrite nanostructures: characterization and photocatalytic activity for elimination of water contaminations Fateme Sanatkar 1 & Asma Khoobi 2 & Masoud Salavati-Niasari 1 Received: 9 June 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work, copper hexaferrite (CuFe12O19) nanostructures are successfully synthesized by the sol-gel autocombustion route. Two natural reagents containing pomegranate and beetroot juices are used as green and eco-friendly fuels for synthesis of the nanostructures. The nanostructures are characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The results show an appropriate amount of pomegranate juice as a fuel source creating a suitable route for synthesis of CuFe12O19 nanostructures. Therefore, the nanostructures are applied for degradation of different water contaminants containing eosin, erythrosine, rhodamin B, and methyl violet dyes. The comparison of the results shows that the nanostructures are a good photocatalyst for degradation of erythrosine. Therefore, green CuFe12O19 nanostructures can be a good candidate as UV light catalyst for removal of wastewater contaminations. Keywords Green and eco-friendly synthesis method . Sol-gel autocombustion . Copper hexaferrite nanostructures . Magnetic properties . Optical activity . Environmental contamination
Introduction Nowadays, enormous researches have been concentrated on the magnetic nanomaterials due to their multifarious applications and technologically and commercially significant properties (Gautam et al. 2017; Singh et al. 2019; Chandel et al. 2020). The hexaferrite type of these compounds has been widespread investigated because of their corrosion resistivity, high saturation magnetization, and coercive force as well as magnetic anisotropy (Widyastuti et al. 2012). Moreover, they are applicable as radar absorption powders (Yang et al. 2015), photocatalytic activity (Kaur et al. 2019), medicine such as
Responsible editor: Santiago V. Luis * Masoud Salavati-Niasari [email protected] 1
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran
antibacterial (Davarpanah et al. 2019) and hyperthermia (Najafinezhad et al. 2018), and the electric and dielectric industry (Ashiq et al. 2009). Hexagonal ferrites are identified with MFe12O19 formula, in which M can be selected a divalent element such as Ba, Pb, Sr, Cd, Co, and Cu. Although, M-type ferrites were initially prepared by Philips in the 1950s, they are a prevale
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