Analysis of a single-institution cohort of patients with Felty's syndrome and T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia
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Rheumatology INTERNATIONAL
GENES AND DISEASE
Analysis of a single‑institution cohort of patients with Felty’s syndrome and T‑cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis Vadim Romanovich Gorodetskiy1 · Yulia Vladimirovna Sidorova2 · Natalia Alexandrovna Kupryshina3 · Vladimir Ivanovich Vasilyev4 · Natalya Alexandrovna Probatova5 · Natalya Valerievna Ryzhikova2 · Andrey Borisovich Sudarikov2 Received: 28 August 2020 / Accepted: 16 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by a persistent increase in the number of large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), neutropenia, and splenomegaly. Clinical manifestations of T-LGLL in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are often identical to those in which one would suspect Felty’s syndrome (FS). These disorders are distinguished by the presence of T-cell clonality, which is present in T-LGLL but not in FS. Mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and 5b (STAT5b) genes can be used as molecular markers of T-LGLL, but their prevalence in FS is unknown. Eighty-one patients with RA and unexplained neutropenia or/and an increase in the number of LGLs above 2 × 109/L were stratified into RA-associated T-LGLL (N = 56) or FS (N = 25) groups based on the presence or absence of T-cell clonality. STAT3 and STAT5b gene mutations were assessed in each group by means of allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. Clinical, immunological, laboratory data and the results of immunophenotyping of blood and bone marrow lymphocytes were also evaluated. Mutations of the STAT3 gene and an increase in the number of LGLs above 2 × 109/L were detected in RA-associated T-LGLL, but not in FS (39% vs 0% and 21% vs 0%, respectively). Mutations in the STAT5b gene were not observed in either group. Expression of CD57, CD16, and C D5−/dim on C D3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes was observed in both RA-associated T-LGLL and FS. STAT3 gene mutations or LGL counts over 2 × 109/L in RA patients are indicative of T-LGLL. Keywords Felty’s syndrome · Large granular lymphocyte leukemia · Rheumatoid arthritis · STAT3 · STAT5b · Comorbidity
Introduction Felty’s syndrome (FS) is a clinical diagnosis that is suspected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neutropenia, and splenomegaly. The persistence of unexplained neutrophil counts of less than 1.5–2.0 × 109/L is a mandatory Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s0029 6-020-04757-4. * Vadim Romanovich Gorodetskiy [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
criterion for diagnosing FS. Although splenomegaly is a component of the triad for defining FS, currently, it is not an absolute requirement for diagnosis [1, 2]. The vast majority of patients with FS have high titers of both rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) anti
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