Analysis of CRABP2 and FABP5 genes in primary and recurrent pterygium tissues
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Analysis of CRABP2 and FABP5 genes in primary and recurrent pterygium tissues Sumeyya Deniz Celik1 · Omer Ates1 Received: 29 November 2019 / Accepted: 26 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The etiology of pterygium remains unclear, but ultraviolet (UV) radiation is generally considered to be major risk factor. Pterygium has similarity features with many cancers, including inflammation, invasion, cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and recurrence after resection. Retinoic acid via cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation, while it via fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is involved in survival, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which pathway gets activated depends on the CRABP2/FABP5 ratio. Alterations of retinoid signaling were found in many cancer types. The deregulated retinoid signaling may also contribute to the development and/ or recurrence of pterygium. The aim of our study was to determine mRNA and protein expressions of CRABP2 and FABP5 and ratio of CRABP2/FABP5 in primer and recurrent pterygium tissues. Pterygia tissues were collected from 30 eyes of 30 patients undergoing pterygium excision. CRABP2 and FABP5 mRNA and protein expression were assessed using Real-time PCR and Western blotting through examination of excised specimens from pterygium and conjunctiva tissues. The ratio of CRABP2/FABP5 gene expression was not altered when primary pterygium tissues compared normal conjunctival tissues (1.00-fold change). Whereas the ratio of CRABP2/ FABP5 gene expression was decreased when recurrent pterygium tissues compared normal conjunctival tissues (0.81-fold change). Understanding etiopathogenesis of pterygium may aid in the find of more promising treatments to prevent pterygium in earlier stages. Keywords CRABP2 · FABP5 · CRABP2/FABP5 ratio · Pterygium · Retinoic acid signaling pathway
Introduction Pterygium is a common disease, characterized by wedgeshaped overgrowth of abnormal epithelial and fibrovascular conjunctiva on the ocular surface. A developed pterygium tissue consist of head (apical part), neck (limbal part), and body (scleral part) [1]. The abnormal fibrovascular growth impairs vision and treatment is currently unavailable medical treatments, there are only surgical excisions that carry high risk for recurrence after surgery [2, 3]. Histologically, pterygium tissue is characterized by connective tissue elastosis, atrophic conjunctival epithelium and damaged Bowman’s layer [4, 5]. Inflammatory infiltrate, consist of lymphocytes, neutrophils and mast cells, appears in pterygium [5]. The etiology of pterygium remains unclear, * Sumeyya Deniz Celik [email protected] 1
Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey
but ultraviolet (UV) radiation is generally considered to be major risk factor, as supported by epidemiologic evidences [1]. Pterygium has similarity features with many cancers. Many studies showed that
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