Analysis of fluidized bed gasification of biomass assisted by solar-heated particles
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Analysis of fluidized bed gasification of biomass assisted by solar-heated particles A. Gómez-Barea 1
&
M. Suárez-Almeida 1
&
A. Ghoniem 2
Received: 3 May 2020 / Revised: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Although biomass gasification using concentrated solar energy is an attractive technology for the production of storable renewable energy and CO2 reduction, several challenges have stalled its deployment over the last decades: high temperature and/or large reactor volume required for complete fuel (char) conversion, the achievement of a steady syngas generation independent of solar radiation variation, and accomplishing effective heat supply at high temperature in large-scale reactors. An alternative approach overcoming these technical challenges is analyzed in this paper. It is based on conducting the gasification of biomass with steam in a fluidized bed using solid particles that are separately heated in a solid particle receiver using concentrating solar energy. The present study includes the thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of solar steam gasification in a completely allothermal single fluidized bed gasifier as well as in a partially allothermal dual fluidized bed gasification system. A theoretical analysis of the reactor performance and its integration with the solar receiver is examined and the state of the art of the most important aspects for developing the proposed technology is reviewed. Keywords Gasification . Fluidized bed . Concentrated solar energy . Biomass . Modeling
1 Introduction The use of solar energy as external heat source for steam reforming of fuels has been recognized as highly attractive method for increasing the share of renewable energy and reduction of CO2 emissions. The generation of energy vectors carrying the energy from the sun and the biomass is an encouraging concept towards full renewable energy production and energy storage. Solar steam gasification of biomass is one
* A. Gómez-Barea [email protected] M. Suárez-Almeida [email protected] A. Ghoniem [email protected] 1
Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, University of Seville, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
of the most attractive technologies considered for the achievement of such objectives [1]. Steam gasification of biomass proposed until now is either autothermal (the heat is supplied by partial burning of the fuel) or just laboratory studies where the heat is supplied by electrical heaters [2, 3]. Providing the gasifier with external heat would allow maximizing the chemical energy of the syngas (instead of burning part of the fuel to provide the heat), hence improving the syngas yield and composition and the overall energy efficiency of the process. However, it is yet to be determined how to supply the solar heat to
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