Analysis of the genetic integrity of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) and bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions stored in gene
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Analysis of the genetic integrity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions stored in gene banks Alisson F. Dantas . Maria L. Fascineli . Solange C. B. R. Jose´ . Juliano G. Pa´dua . Marcos A. Gimenes . Cesar K. Grisolia
Received: 19 March 2019 / Accepted: 11 May 2020 Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The conservation of seed germplasm is one of the most important ways to maintain the genetic variability of genetic resources, such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These two species are fundamental for the food security and agribusiness of many countries, including Brazil. The efficient use of germplasm depends on the maintenance of the germination potential and the genetic integrity of conserved accessions. The objective of the present study was to analyze the genetic integrity of rice and bean accessions that have been maintained in long term conservation conditions. Six and four samples of two rice and bean accessions, respectively, were analyzed. Each sample was added to the collection in different years. First count, germination and germination speed index tests were carried out to evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds samples. Cytogenetic tests and comet assay were performed to evaluate the genetic integrity of the different samples. Significant differences were not observed among the samples of the two species in the
A. F. Dantas (&) M. L. Fascineli C. K. Grisolia Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] S. C. B. R. Jose´ J. G. Pa´dua M. A. Gimenes Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
cytogenetic tests. Eight of the 10 samples analyzed maintained high physiological quality after prolonged storage and presented acceptable levels of DNA damage ([ 20%) in the comet assay. Evidences of DNA repair were detected in one sample. Data showed comet assay has potential to evaluate genetic integrity and DNA repair system in long term conserved seeds. Keywords Rice Bean Seeds Germination potential Cytogenetics DNA repair
Introduction A genetic resource is any species with potential or real value for human use (IBPGR 1991). Many of these resources are conserved in gene banks as seeds, because that type of conservation allows safe long term conservation of a considerable proportion of the genetic variability of different species (Vieira et al. 2008; Marim et al. 2009; de Oliveira et al. 2010). The monitoring of seed viability during storage is a fundamental step in seed conservation process and it has mainly been done using the germination test (FAO, 2014). Despite its wide use to evaluate seed longevity, germination does not allow the prediction when it germination will be significantly compromised (Fleming et al. 2019). Aging mechanism is not full
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