Analysis of the population structure of buffaloes in Brazil
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Analysis of the population structure of buffaloes in Brazil Jessica Cristina Gonçalves dos Santos 1 & Karina Rosa da Silveira 2 & Leonardo de Oliveira Seno 2 & Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta-Borquis 3 & Francisco Ribeiro de Araujo Neto 4 & Humberto Tonhati 1 Received: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 12 June 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the population structure of Brazilian buffaloes using of pedigree information. The pedigree used in the analyses included records of 16,915 animals. The population parameters were obtained through the ENDOG software. The estimates of mean of inbreeding (F) and average relatedness (AR) coefficients were 3.22% and 5.99%, respectively. The average generation interval was 6.39 years. The effective number of founders and ancestors was 28 and 22, respectively. In this study, we concluded that the selection of individuals with lower AR is necessary to avoid an increase in matings between inbreeding individuals in this population, in order to obtain greater genetic gain by selection. Keywords Dairy buffaloes . Genetic variability . Inbreeding
Introduction The Brazilian buffalo herd was formed from small lots of imported animals in the 1962s (Santana Jr et al. 2011), since then buffaloes have been used in dairy production due to their rusticity and adaptability (Borghese 2005). Although the national buffalo herd is approximately 1.4 million head (IBGE 2018), there are few herds participating in breeding programs and milk control programs; associated with this, high levels of inbreeding and low genetic variability are expected in small herds and may cause undesirable effects on economically important phenotypic traits (Malhado et al. 2012). The knowledge of parameters that describe the population structure allows assessing and monitoring, as well as directing and implementing new selection methods that provide the maintenance of genetic variability and genetic gains over generations
* Jessica Cristina Gonçalves dos Santos [email protected] 1
Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinárias-FCAV/UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n-Jaboticabal-, São Paulo CEP 14884-900, Brazil
2
Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados–UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
3
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná–UTFPR, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil
4
Instituto Federal Goiano–IFGoiano, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
(Boichard et al. 1997; Gutiérrez et al. 2008; Santana Jr et al. 2011). In addition, it allows the assessment of inbreeding, which is one of the consequences of the increase in matings between individuals who share identical alleles by descent (Falconer and Mackay 1996). In this context, the aim of the study was to evaluate the population structure by using of pedigree information of Brazilian buffaloes.
Material and methods The pedigree file used in the analyses included records of 16,915 animals, born between 1965 and 2017, and distributed in farms in the state of São Paulo,
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