Assessment by microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Enhalus acoroides from the coast
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Assessment by microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Enhalus acoroides from the coast of Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam Xuan-Vy Nguyen1, 2*, Papenbrock Jutta3 1 Department of Marine Botany, Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang
650000, Vietnam 2 Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam 3 Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30419, Germany
Received 29 November 2017; accepted 21 March 2018 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
Seagrass beds degraded significantly since the last century on both, global and local scale. The seagrass species Enhalus acoroides (Linnaeus f.) Royle is a common species found in almost all marine ecosystems including bays, lagoons and around offshore islands in tropical regions of the West Pacific. It was shown that genetic diversity is an essential indicator of the conditions of ecosystems. In the present study, microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of six distinct seagrass beds along the coast of the Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. The results indicate that the genetic diversity of the populations in the open sea is higher than in the lagoon. Seagrass beds occurring in disturbed sites show reduced genetic diversity. The fixing index value (FST) depicts a relatively high genetic structure among populations. Structure analysis clusters the populations into open sea and lagoon populations and cluster analysis and AMOVA indicate a significant difference between the two groups. There are low but non-significant positive correlations between geographic and genetic distances. The different habitats of the open sea and the lagoon are probably responsible for forming two groups. Key words: Enhalus acoroides, genetic diversity, lagoon, open sea, population structure Citation: Nguyen Xuan-Vy, Jutta Papenbrock. 2019. Assessment by microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Enhalus acoroides from the coast of Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 38(1): 144–150, doi: 10.1007/s13131-0191381-y
1 Introduction Several theoretical and empirical studies indicated that genetic variation is the basis for populations adapting to changes in the environments (Carja et al., 2014; Frankham, 2005). Hughes and Stachowicz (2011) showed that populations with high genetic variation may allow for more rapid adaptation to climate change due to selection effects. The ability of different populations to adapt to their local environment results from the benefits of genetic variation, for example, having high probability to maintain advantageous genotypes (Lönn et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2012). On the other hand, lower variation decreases the resistance to diseases and adjustability in coping with environmental changes (Lacy, 1997). Milot et al. (2007) demonstrated that low genetic diversity indicated negative impacts on species viability
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