Angioleiomyoma of the pulmonary artery: a case report and literature review
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(2020) 15:230
CASE REPORT
Open Access
Angioleiomyoma of the pulmonary artery: a case report and literature review Yan Hu1, Siying Ren2, Sichuang Tan1, Chen Chen1, Xiang Wang1, Qingchun Liang3, Fenglei Yu1 and Wenliang Liu1*
Abstract Background: Angioleiomyoma of the pulmonary artery is rare in the literature and few studies have been reported. Here we present a rare case of angioleiomyoma arising from the pulmonary artery in a young patient. Case presentation: A 27-year-old male patient presented to our clinic due to the incidental finding of a nodule in the right lower lobe of the lung, which was unchanged from the prior year. Preoperative CT scans showed a welldemarcated nodule of soft tissue density penetrated by the basal branch of the right anterior basilar artery (RA8b). Single-port video-assisted RS8 segmentectomy was performed under the guidance of preoperative 3-dimensional reconstruction for histologic confirmation of the tumour. The tumour appeared as a solid tumour of a tube-like structure with vascular endothelium, composed of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells lacking nuclear atypia and homogenous red-dye substances. The spindle cells were positive for immunostaining for smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin and Ki-67 and were negative for immunostaining for Dog-1, HMB45, and Melan-A. A pathological diagnosis of primary angioleiomyoma of the pulmonary artery was finally made. Conclusions: This report is a reminder for thoracic surgeons that angioleiomyoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of lung neoplasms, especially for the mass of soft tissue density penetrated by pulmonary blood vessels shown by CT. Awareness of this rare entity should potentially prevent underdiagnosis and improper surgical treatment. Keywords: Angioleiomyoma, Lung neoplasm, Differential diagnosis, Case report
Background Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumour comprising mature smooth muscle cells with a prominent vascular component [1]. It typically forms a well-circumscribed, subcutaneous nodule less than 20 mm in adults, especially in the leg [2]. However, this type of tumour rarely occurs in the lung. We herein report an interesting case of angioleiomyoma arising from the pulmonary artery and present a literature review of previously reported cases.
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Case presentation A 27-year-old male patient complained of the incidental finding of a nodule in the right lower lobe of the lung on a routine health examination in October 2019, which was unchanged on repeat examinations from the prior year. No related subjective symptoms were noted and the physical examination showed no abnormalities. The results of routine blood biochemistry, oncological biomarkers and flexible bronchoscopy were normal. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography of the chest showed a well-demarcated m
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