Anisotropic Aspects of Material Damage and Application of Continuum Damage Mechanics
The application of continuum mechanics to the anisotropic aspect of material damage is discussed. The microstructual change due to material damage usually depends significantly on the direction of the local stress and local strain, and is intrinsically an
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SCIENCES
COURSES AND .. LECTURES - No. 295
CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS THEORY AND APPLICATIONS
EDITED BY
D. KRAJCINOVIC UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
J. LEMAITRE UNIVERSITE' DE PARIS VI
SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN GMBH
Le spese di stampa di questo volume sono in parte coperte da contributi
de! Consiglio
Nazionăle
delle Ricerche.
This volume contains 114 illustrations.
This work is subject to copyright. AII righ ts are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks.
© 1987 by Springer-Verlag Wien Originally published by Springer Verlag Wien-New York in 1987
ISBN 978-3-211-82011-7 DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-2806-0
ISBN 978-3-7091-2806-0 (eBook)
PREFACE
While no idea is entirely new, it is pretty agreed that the 1958 seminal study ofthe creep rupture by Lazar M. Kachanov marks the birthday ofwhat we today know as continuum damage mechanics. In thefollowing years the interest in this new branch of continuum mechanics grew beyond the fondest hopes as it became plainly obvious that damage mechanics represents a rational framework for the treatment of a wide range of brittle phenomena. One of the early enthusiasts and contributors to the development of damage mechanics was also the late professor Anthony Sawczuk, former rector of C/SM. It was indeed he who in 1983 broached the idea oforganizing a course like this under the auspices of CISM. He planned to take an active participation in the course and only his untimely death prevented him from helping us in this venture. We missed his knowledge and his encouragement. As organizers we attempted to present a balanced view of this rap'idly developing field. We reached far and wide geographically and sought peop/e with different opinions and interests. We were sorry that the limits on the number of lectures prevented us from invit ing many other worthy researchers in this field. In this brief contact with the CISM administration and an extremely knowledgeable and responsive group ofbright young peop/e who attended this course, we were once aga in assured that the late professor Sawczuk was correct in predicting
that this course would have been a success. We only hope that the readers of this monograph will share our enthusiasmfor thisfield andjoin the steadily growing group of contributors to the development of damage mechanics. The two organizers gratefully acknowledge the financial contributions of CISM and city of Udine, Italy, to the students who attended the course. The financial assistance of the Office of Scientific Research of N A TO facilitated our cooperation in organizing this course as well. The help ofthe administrative staff of CISM dur ing the planning phase of the course and during the course itself was indispensable.
Dusan Krajcinovic
Jean Lemaitre
Contents
Preface lntroduction and General Overview by J. Hult .................................................... ......... .
