Anti-proliferative and ROS-inhibitory activities reveal the anticancer potential of Caulerpa species
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Anti‑proliferative and ROS‑inhibitory activities reveal the anticancer potential of Caulerpa species Bhakti Tanna1,2 · Sonam Yadav1 · Avinash Mishra1,2 Received: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Seaweeds are considered a promising functional food and safe for human consumption as they have significant health benefits. Five abundant tropical seaweeds, Caulerpa racemosa var. macrophysa, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Grateloupia indica, Sargassum linearifolium, and Spatoglossum asperum rich in metabolites, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds, were analyzed for the anti-proliferative and ROS inhibitory activities including transcript expression of cancer-linked key genes and apoptosis. C. racemosa var. macrophysa showed the maximum effective activities with a lower dose of extract, about 130 ± 30 and 23 ± 1 μg ml−1 EC50 dose for HeLa and Huh-7, respectively, followed by C. scalpelliformis, showing E C50 dose about 200 ± 10 and 140 ± 30 μg ml−1, respectively. Similarly, about 56% and 54% ROS inhibition were determined with Caulerpa spp. for HeLa and Huh-7 cells, respectively. Results indicated that tropical green seaweed Caulerpa spp. (C. racemosa var. macrophysa and C. scalpelliformis) have substantial potential of ROS inhibition. Further, it was observed that different cancer-linked marker proteins encoding genes were deferentially expressed with seaweed extracts in different cell lines. Overall, it is concluded that Caulerpa spp. are rich in antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. Caulerpa spp. have potential to be explored further for cancer preventive properties or functional food or nutraceuticals applications. Keywords Bioactivity · Functional food · Metabolomics · ROS · Seaweed
Introduction In nature, seaweeds are proficient, well-balanced and innocuous bio resource for nutriment and medicine [25]. Trace elements of seaweeds have high level of bioavailability and thus are recommended to pregnant women and fast grown children [3]. In addition to their use as functional food, they Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05795-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Avinash Mishra [email protected]; [email protected] Bhakti Tanna [email protected] Sonam Yadav [email protected] 1
Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIRCentral Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
2
have also been explored in life sciences for their compounds with diversified structural forms and biological activities and thus they have been an important part of various industries like food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics [27]. Over the years they have been helpful in discovery stage of new drug development. Hence, it is well documented that new marine compounds have been immensely active for pre-c
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