Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of diverse peanut cultivars
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of diverse peanut cultivars Qiong‑Qiong Yang1 · Gowoon Kim1 · Arakkaveettil Kabeer Farha1 · Qiong Luo1 · Harold Corke1 Received: 8 December 2019 / Accepted: 1 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Many phenolic compounds serve as natural antioxidants by preventing food oxidation and oxidative stress in the body. In this study, antioxidant compounds were extracted from five peanut cultivars. Samples were evaluated for their total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activities using 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, antiproliferative activities against two colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and HT29), and intracellular ROS generation. The peanuts rich in phenolics (185.4–300.9 mg GAE/100 g DW) and flavonoids (62.79–86.27 mg CE/100 g DW), and has relative good antioxidant capability (DPPH, 6.65–9.45 μmol Trolox/g DW and FRAP, 8.80–13.6 μmol Fe (II)/g DW). The peanut extracts exhibited strong antiproliferative effect against HCT116 and HT29 with IC50 value of 1.39–9.33 mg dry extract/ml and 1.56–7.55 mg dry extract/ml, respectively. The antiproliferative effects are partly due to the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyquadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was used to characterize the phenolic profiles of peanut cultivar extract and 23 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified, most of which were flavonoids. Peanuts are rich in phenolic compounds and have antioxidant activity and antiproliferative activity, thus, it may serve as viable functional food ingredients with antioxidant potential. Keywords Arachis hypogea L · Phytochemical profiles · Biological activities · Intracellular ROS · Mass analysis
Introduction Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with unpaired electrons are produced in human cells through endogenous metabolic activities and maintain the balance between oxidants and antioxidants under optimal physiological conditions [1]. Excessive amount of free radicals cause damage to biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to a wide range of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory diseases [2]. Colorectal cancer is the fourth top cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is estimated that more than 600,000 case of colorectal cancer worldwide per year are expected to death [3]. Increasing evidence shows that consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is associated with reduced chronic diseases, * Harold Corke [email protected] 1
Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
inducing colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and ageing [4]. These fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are rich in antioxidant compounds, which can prevent free radical-induced oxidative damag
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