Application of 1D Shallow Flow Model for Simulation of Pollution Fate and Streamflow
Numerical models especially two-dimensional (2D) models have long been used in simulating hydrodynamics and its associated processes such as sediment transport, pollutant dispersion, and flooding are caused by overtopping or breaching of river banks. Howe
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Abstract Numerical models especially two-dimensional (2D) models have long been used in simulating hydrodynamics and its associated processes such as sediment transport, pollutant dispersion, and flooding are caused by overtopping or breaching of river banks. However, due to the complexity of the river geometries, it is still difficult to resolve the problematic river in a 2D manner. Thus, a one-dimensional (1D) component model is needed to analyze complex flow hydrodynamics under flood conditions. As solute transport also greatly impacts the local environment and is closely related to the water quality in shallow water bodies, the prediction of pollutant fate is also included in this paper. Thus, this paper focuses on developing a numerical model to simulate shallow flow hydrodynamics in the context of irregular profiled open channels to predict depth-averaged water level and pollutant transport. The scope of work is limited to the development of a 1D model and verification of the model against benchmark tests and laboratory measurements. Presented in this paper is the development of an integrated model with fully dynamic shallow water equations (SWE’s) and the advection–diffusion equation. Results demonstrated are the comparisons between the numerical results and data obtained through experimental procedures or from published analytical solutions in terms of flow depth and solute concentration. Closed agreement is achieved for all tests, and the model was therefore applied in Sungai Penchala, Malaysia.
This is a Project 3 Urban Ecohydrology for Resilient Environment through Long-term Research Grant Scheme (203/PKT/6720004). N.A. Alias (&) Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources, University Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Kuantan, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] L.M. Sidek Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 W. Tahir et al. (eds.), ISFRAM 2015, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0500-8_20
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Keywords 1D model Diffusion
N.A. Alias and L.M. Sidek
Solute pollutant Shallow water equations Advection
1 Introduction In twenty-first century, due to the continuous development and the influence of climate change, flood risks impact mainly in urban areas and have probably significantly increased. Most countries that are affected by flood disasters took an integrated action in order to overcome or at least minimize the impact of flood risk. In this way, the victims of flood disasters are expected to get early warning of flood events where flood risk management teams are purposely formed to predict the river flow depth in risky areas. Numerous studies on modeling in open-channel flow, especially on the 2-dimensional (2D) model, have been done; however, there are still deficiencies in the models. As it is difficult to resolve the problematic river reach in a 2D manner, in which there is limitation in signifying rivers with small-scale flow paths in a large-scale flood simulation, deve
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