Evaluation of the impacts of climate change on streamflow through hydrological simulation and under downscaling scenario
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Evaluation of the impacts of climate change on streamflow through hydrological simulation and under downscaling scenarios: case study in a watershed in southeastern Brazil Gabriela Leite Neves & Mariana Abibi Guimarães Araujo Barbosa & Phelipe da Silva Anjinho & Tainá Thomassim Guimarães & Jorim Sousa das Virgens Filho & Frederico Fábio Mauad
Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 11 October 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Among the problems related to water security, the effects of climate change on water availability stand out. Researchers have used hydrological models integrated with climate models in order to predict the streamflow behaviour in different hydrographic basins. This work aimed to analyse future climate scenarios for the Ribeirão do Lobo River Basin, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The stochastic generator PGECLIMA_R was used in the simulation of climate data, which were used as input data in the hydrological model SMAP, after it was calibrated and validated for the study site. In all, five future scenarios were generated, with scenarios A, B, C and D projected based on the 5th report of the IPCC and scenario E based on the trend of climate data in the region. Among the scenarios generated, scenario D, which considers an increase of 4.8 °C in air temperature and a reduction of 10% in rainfall, is responsible for the worst water condition in the basin and can reduce up to 72.41% of the average
G. L. Neves (*) : M. A. G. A. Barbosa : P. Anjinho : F. F. Mauad São Carlos Engineering School (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] T. T. Guimarães Unisinos University, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil J. S. das Virgens Filho Mathematics and Statistics Department, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
flow and up to 55.50%, 54.18% and 38.17% of the low flow parameters Q90%, Q95% and Q7,10, respectively, until the end of the twenty-first century. However, the E scenario also becomes a matter of concern, since it was responsible for greater increases in temperature and greater reductions in rainfall and, consequently, more drastic monthly reductions in streamflow, which may negatively impact water resources and affect the various uses of water in the Ribeirão do Lobo River Basin. Keywords Climate change . Streamflow
Introduction Uncertainties about future water demand and availability are out of the main problems faced by water resources managers, and this topic still requires a lot of research, since society depends both physically and economically on this natural resource. There are several factors that can change the conservation status of water resources, both in quantitative and qualitative, biological and hydromorphological terms (Grizzetti et al. 2016), with climate change being one of the main threats to the ecological integrity of water systems (Bucak et al. 2018; Couture et al. 2018). Studies point out that climate change can cause changes in the hydrological cyc
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