Application of Biochar as an Adsorbent and Its Significance on Berseem ( Trifolium alexandrinum ) Growth Parameters in F
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Application of Biochar as an Adsorbent and Its Significance on Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) Growth Parameters in Farm Soil Contaminated with PAH Varinder Kaur 1 & Praveen Sharma 2 Received: 27 June 2019 / Accepted: 13 December 2019 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Soil properties can be significantly influenced by the addition of biochar and are known to enhance plant productivity and soil quality. Berseem acts as a good phytoaccumulator. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of biochar on plant height, biomass, and chlorophyll content and on PAHs adsorption capacity at different time intervals. Sixteen treatment combinations were designed in three replicates for a total 144 pots. A soil/biochar (w/w) mixture and polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content (50 mg kg−1 naphthalene and 100 mg kg−1 phenanthrene) of suitable ratio for each application was used for filling different pots, having dimensions of 19.6 cm diameter × 20.6 cm height. Various qualitative and quantitative methods were followed for further analysis of soil, plant, and biochar samples. Maximum plant height and plant biomass were observed at 5% and 10% biochar level in the soil as compared to control. Total available nutrients increased with biochar application rate. Increase in biochar concentration resulted in increased PAH adsorption capacity, thereby making it less available to cause the negative effect on plant growth parameters. Bio-concentration factor significantly decreased with increased biochar concentration in soil, i.e., from 92.5 to 5.31 in phenanthrene-contaminated soil and from 17.4 to 1.36 in mixed contaminated soil as compared to control. These results significantly prove that biochar enhanced the PAHs adsorption capacity as well as removal efficiency and crop yield. This study also shows the effectiveness of biochar on contaminant remediation with the help of Trifolium alexandrinum. Keywords Berseem . Poly-aromatic hydrocarbon . Biochar . Bio-concentration factor . Crop productivity
1 Introduction Agriculture has a most important role in the Indian economy. The waste organic matter or raw materials produced from Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-019-00167-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Praveen Sharma [email protected] Varinder Kaur [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
2
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
agricultural land that does not find any other application have to be discarded by the farmer. The different waste generated from agricultural land and other sources includes wood chips, tree bark, switchgrass, bagasse, press cakes from oil, wood pellets, chicken litter, dairy manure, crop residues, sewage sludge, paper s
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