Fabrication of Polyethersulfone/Functionalized MWCNTs Nanocomposite and Investigation its Efficiency as an Adsorbent of
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Fabrication of Polyethersulfone/Functionalized MWCNTs Nanocomposite and Investigation its Efficiency as an Adsorbent of Pb(II) Ions Milad Jamshidian1 · Bahareh Sadeghalvad2
· Ismaeil Ghasemi3 · Hamid Ebrahimi4 · Iraj Rezaeian1
Received: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract The novel polyethersulfone/ethylenediamine-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (PES/MWCNTs-NH2 ) nanocomposite was synthesized and introduced as an efficient adsorbent for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The characterization analyses, including FTIR, TGA, SEM, and EDX, confirmed the successful functionalization of MWCNTs through three steps acidic treatment, acylation with SOCL2 , and amine functionalization. The influence of MWCNTs functionalization, pH, stirring speed, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on the Pb(II) adsorption by PES/MWCNTs-NH2 nanocomposite was investigated. The optimum condition was obtained on neutral pH, contact time 10 min, stirring speed 400 rpm, and adsorbent dosage 0.1 g of PES/1% MWCNTs-NH2 , which reached the maximum adsorption capacity of 272 mg/g. The equilibrium studies were investigated by consideration of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and D-R isotherm models, which revealed that Pb(II) adsorption onto PES/MWCNTs-NH2 was performed on a heterogeneous surface with a non-uniform distribution of heat of adsorption. Also, it confirmed that the chemisorption process was favorable. The kinetic studies through pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order (as a reaction-based model), and Boyd models (diffusion-based model) showed that the chemisorption adsorption rate was fast, and controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamic studies indicated that Pb(II) adsorption process onto PES/MWCNTs-NH2 was spontaneous, endothermic, by increasing the randomness of the solid/liquid interface. Keywords Polyethersulfone · Multiwall carbon nanotube · Nanocomposite · Adsorption · Lead
1 Introduction Water is an essential substance to all creatures and living organisms on earth, which is endangered of scarcity and contamination through fast-growing demand by population growth and global climate change [1]. Based on the United Nations (UN) World Water Development Report (WWDR),
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Bahareh Sadeghalvad [email protected]
1
Department of Polymer, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, POB: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1023, USA
3
Processing Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, POB: 14965/115, Tehran, Iran
4
Wilson College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695, USA
it is estimated that about 2.7 billion people will suffer from a lack of access to safe drinking water by 2025 [2, 3]. Hence, water and wastewater treatment have attracted widespread attention. Heavy metals are among the main contaminants of wastewater due to their tox
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