Application of waste cotton yarn as adsorbent of heavy metal ions from single and mixed solutions
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Application of waste cotton yarn as adsorbent of heavy metal ions from single and mixed solutions Snežana Mihajlović 1 & Marija Vukčević 1
&
Biljana Pejić 1 & Aleksandra Perić Grujić 1 & Mirjana Ristić 1
Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 18 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, waste cotton yarn was used for the removal of Pb (II), Cd (II), Cr (III), and As (V) from aqueous solution. Adsorption of heavy metal ions was tested from single ion solutions, while competitive studies were performed using two- and four-ion mixtures. In order to change the structure of the material, cotton yarn was modified by sodium hydroxide solution. The surface of raw and modified cotton yarn were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and streaming potential method for determination of an isoelectric point. Sorption studies were performed on the basis of pH, kinetics, isotherms, and desorption results. It has been shown that waste cotton yarn modification, typically, does not improve the sorption capacity of the material and that the unmodified material could be used for the removal of examined heavy metal ions. Selectivity was in order Pb > Cd > Cr > As. Desorption studies have indicated to the possible reusability of the sorbent only in the case of Pb removal. A potential application of spent waste sorbent for the soil quality improvement has been considered. Keywords Low-cost sorbent . Cellulose . Separation . ICP-MS
Introduction The presence of heavy metals in water is a consequence of the inevitable processes in nature, such as dissolution of minerals, volcanic eruptions, and forest fires. However, the most significant impact on the presence of heavy metals has human activity, through the ore/mineral exploration, exploitation, extraction and usage of metals, combustion of fossil fuels, through the use of organic and mineral fertilizers, and through the disposal of municipal waste. The unrestricted discharge of wastewaters containing heavy metals into the natural environment could have adverse effect on humans, animals, plants, and urban ecosystems (Ahmad et al. 2010). Heavy metals could be toxic pollutants and once released into the environment where they permanently remain, and eventually could be accumulated in different systems at
Responsible Editor: Tito Roberto Cadaval Jr * Marija Vukčević [email protected] 1
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
concentrations higher than the allowed (e.g., accumulation and bioaccumulation), reaching the food chain. Some of them are essential micronutrients, but their higher concentrations are known to produce a variety of toxic effects (Nagajyoti et al. 2010). Cadmium, lead, and slightly less toxic arsenic have drowned the most attention due to their nondegradable, persistent, and toxic nature (Shim et al. 2019). Also, in aqueous solution, they may exist in different ionization states or v
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