Application of Comprehensive Geophysical Analysis in Hidden Fault Exploration
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Application of Comprehensive Geophysical Analysis in Hidden Fault Exploration* Zhou Yue1,Tang Hai-Yan♦1, Zhang Jian-min1,He Tao2 Abstract: Heap leaching in gold mines is an important mineral-processing method. However, it involves higher requirements of the integrity and stability of the site strata because it can cause great harm to the environment. In particular, hidden faults and fault-zone structures in the site strata are important factors causing pollutant leakage and damage to the environment. Hence, engineering drilling is generally used to identify hidden faults and fault zones to intuitively reveal the underground information in a limited depth range; the disadvantage is the high cost and low efficiency of this method. In this study, comprehensive geophysical exploration methods were adopted to analyze the geophysical characteristics of the hidden faults and fault zones to obtain considerable underground information efficiently to evaluate the exploration site. Methods such as the electrical resistivity tomography, shallow seismic reflection method, magnetic method, and vertical electric sounding method have been used for the heap-leaching site exploration of Alxa Zhula Gold Mine to identify the location, occurrence, and morphological characteristics. Based on borehole and geological data, the possibility of disaster for the defective geological structure in the heap-leaching field of a gold mine was evaluated, and a geological structure model was established in this study. Thus, the results represent an important example of environmental geophysical exploration. Keywords: Integer Geophysical Exploration; Hidden Fault; Heap Leaching Site1
Introduction In recent years, geophysical exploration technology has been widely applied to near-surface geological exploration, especially to the exploration of hidden faults and fault-zone structures. Hidden faults and fault zones can not only actively induce earthquake under certain conditions such as load action, but also aggravate the degree of earthquake damage and induce other forms of geological disasters, such as ground subsidence and ground cracks, in the event of an earthquake (Saribudak,
2006; Dai et al., 2011; Løvholt et al., 2012). Geological mapping, remote-sensing mapping, and conventional means such as drilling and excavation are usually used to obtain limited underground information for discriminant comparison to identify and describe hidden faults or fault-zone structures (Hunt, 1984; Sharma, 1997). However, these identification methods have great limitations. In plains, basins, or plateaus with thick Quaternary loose overburden, hidden faults or faultzone structures are usually either buried deep under the Quaternary overburden or completely weathered so that the surface cannot be identified. For these conditions,
Manuscript received by the Editor June 7, 2020; revised manuscript received October 29, 2020. *This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0600505). 1. College of GeoExploration Science and Technol
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