Application of MIVM for Sn-Zn System in Vacuum Distillation
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INTRODUCTION
TIN is an indispensable metal, which was widely used in solder, tin plate and bearings. More recently, the application of tin in electronic, electrical, and various engineering achievements has been considerably increased.[1] Zinc is usually employed for surface corrosion-protective, coating, and planting process materials and for making compound semiconductors such as ZnSe for blue light emitting diodes, CdZnTe for detectors, ZnTe for thermo-electric cooling devices, and the application range of Zn has also been increased and broadened greatly.[2,3] The decrease of natural resources, together with the increasing demand for Sn and Zn, has encouraged the recycling and separation of waste Sn-Zn alloys produced from smelteries and recycled from various industries. Vacuum distillation is regarded as one of the most effective and environment-friendly method for metal recycling and separation.[4] It has many advantages such as short flow sheet, lower energy consumption, etc. Above all, vacuum distillation can eliminate the disadvantages of traditional metallurgical processes and has been studied and successfully used in separation and purification of various elements from alloys.[5–9] LINGXIN KONG, Ph.D Candidate, BIN YANG and DACHUN LIU, Professors, BAOQIANG XU, Associate Professor, and YIFU LI, Lecturer, are with The National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P.R. China, also with the Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy for Nonferrous Metals of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P.R. China, and also with the State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clear Utilization. Contact e-mail: [email protected] YUANSHOU HU, Engineer, is with The National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, and also with the Zinc Division of Yunnan Copper Industry Co., Ltd, Kunming 650102, P.R. China. Manuscript submitted July 10, 2014. Article published online December 5, 2014 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
The thermodynamic properties of binary liquid alloys are important for understanding the process metallurgy. But the experimental thermodynamic study is very time consuming since a great number of measurements are necessary. Furthermore, the determination of thermodynamic data of binary system needs not only the excellent instruments and the consummate skill of a researcher but also the continuous financial support. Theoretical predicting, therefore, is a significant and effective approach to obtain thermodynamic properties of alloys.[10] Han et al.[11] have investigated the recovery of valuable metals from Sn-Zn alloy by vacuum distillation in which Zn (99.9 wt pct) and Sn (85 wt pct) were obtained from volatile and residue, respectively, which indicates that vacuum distillation is an effective method for the separation of Sn-Zn alloy. Nevertheless, their studies have focused only on industrial experiments and have not developed appropri
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