Experimental Investigation of Molybdenum Disulfide Purification Through Vacuum Distillation
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Experimental Investigation of Molybdenum Disulfide Purification Through Vacuum Distillation Yang Li1,2,3,4 · Fei Wang1,2,3,4 · Bin Yang1,2,3,4 · Jian Wu1,2,3,4 · Yang Tian1,2,3,4 Received: 2 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 July 2020 / Published online: 12 August 2020 © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2020
Abstract The properties and applications of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are significantly dependent on its purity. Physical purification is proposed for separating impurities from MoS2. Meanwhile, the feasibility of separation of impurities was analyzed by thermodynamic calculations. The effects of the temperature and heating duration on the volatilization of impurities were studied experimentally. The purity of M oS2 was notably improved by vacuum distillation at optimized processing conditions. The phase of the volatiles and the microstructural change of the residues were investigated and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Graphical Abstract 1. Vacuum distillation is a scalable one-step approach to separate impurities from molybdenum disulfide. 2. The purity of the residual M oS2 significantly depends on the distillation temperature and duration. 3. Tiny amounts of impurities were collected and analyzed by phase determination. 4. The transformation to multilayer stacks is attributed to the high temperature used during vacuum distillation.
The contributing editor for this article was Yongxiang Yang. * Fei Wang [email protected] * Bin Yang [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
2
National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
3
Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
4
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, China
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
420
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy (2020) 6:419–427
Keywords Molybdenum disulfide · Purification · Vacuum distillation
Introduction As a layered transition-metal dichalcogenide, M oS2 has attracted great attention over the past decades [1–3]. It importance has strengthened in conventional industry in bulk form as an efficient lubricant. In addition, M oS2 nanoparticles have shown very promising tribological applications, exhibiting ultralow friction and wear properties [4]. Molybdenum disulfide nanostructures are receiving considerable attention because of their potential applications as catalysts for desulfurization processes [5] and hydrogen evolution [6]. Its direct bandgap when in monolayer or few-layer form has led to usage as a semiconductor in the electronics industry [7]. MoS2 consists of two layers of sulfur ions and one layer of molybdenum ions, weakly connected by van der Waals force betwe
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