Chitosan from Waste Marine Sources Immobilized Silica: Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Heavy Metal Ions
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Chitosan from Waste Marine Sources Immobilized Silica: Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Heavy Metal Ions from Industrial Effluent Vijay L. Gurav 1
&
Rajesh A. Samant 1
Received: 3 October 2019 / Revised: 19 November 2019 / Accepted: 9 December 2019 # Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract In availability of marine products India is one of the top most countries in the world. Approximately 40–50% of the total production consists of waste in the form of shell. Marine product shell is rich in chitin, chitosan, and cellulose. The important characteristic of these constituents is capability to adsorb heavy metals. Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental (effluent) problems. The objective of this study is to understand removal of heavy metal using chitosan immobilized on silica using electroanalytical technique. Adsorption conditions such as pH, amount of adsorbent, contact time, effect of eluent type, flow rate of sample solution, etc. are optimized using differential pulse voltammetric measurements. The best recovery results were observed at pH – 5 and 6, 200 mg adsorbent and 120 min contact time, 1.0 M HCl eluent, 0.2 ml/min flow rate. The devised procedure applied for determination of Zn (II), Cu (II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Fe(II), and Mn(II) in industrial effluent was reproducible with a relative standard deviation of 0.8%. This study highlighted that chitosan immobilized on silica from waste material is a promising adsorbent in removing heavy metals from wastewater and effectively estimated by differential pulse voltammetry. Keywords Heavy metals . Industrial effluent . Laboratory waste . Chitosan-immobilized silica . Bioadsorption
Abbreviations FAAS Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry ICP-AES Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry HMDE Hanging mercury drop electrode
Introduction The heavy metal pollution is a current issue for environmental pollution control boards [1]. Industrial wastewater contaminated with heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41101-019-00080-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Vijay L. Gurav [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, K. C. College, D. W. Road, Charchgate, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
arsenic, etc. is commonly produced from many kinds of industrial processes [2]. In order to remove toxic heavy metals from water systems, several methods have been suggested and investigated. Ion exchange [3], solvent extraction [4], chemical precipitation [5], coagulation [6], filtration [7], evaporation [8], and membrane [9] methods have been applied for these investigations. However, their utilization is not common and confined to special treatment due to high installation and operating cost. Therefore, many researchers have applied regenerated natural wastes such as agricultural waste [10–14] and marine waste [15–17], to treat heavy metals from aqueous solu
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