Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey
- PDF / 1,509,782 Bytes
- 23 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 52 Downloads / 148 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey A. Santos Nouri 1 & Y. Afacan 1 & O. Çalışkan 2 & Tzu-Ping Lin 3 & A. Matzarakis 4,5 Received: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The disclosed study undertook a ‘human centred-approach’ that ascertained and categorised environmental human thermophysiological risk factors by relating them to the human biometeorological system through the use of three widely utilised energy balance model (EBM) indices, the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), the modified PET, and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The disclosed assessment was carried out over the past decade (i.e., 2010–2019) with a 3-h temporal resolution for the case of Ankara through two WMO meteorological stations to compare both local urban and peri-urban environmental conditions. The study recognised extreme annual variability of human physiological stress (PS) during the different seasons as a result of the biometeorological processing of the singular variables, which in the case of average PET for both stations, varied by up to 75 °C between the winter and summer for the same annual dataset (2012). In addition, all EBMs indicated higher heat stress within the city centre that were conducive of both urban extreme heatwaves and very hot days during the summer months, with extreme heat stress levels lasting for longer than a week with PET values reaching a maximum of 48 °C. Similar cold extremes were found for the winter months, with PET values reaching − 30 °C, and average PS levels varying lower in the case of the peri-urban station.
Keywords Human energy balance . Thermal comfort . PET . mPET . UTCI . Ankara
Highlights ▪ Thermal comfort thresholds examined at a 3-h temporal resolution over last decade ▪ Extreme variability of annual human physiological stress levels were identified ▪ Urban and peri-urban meteorological stations presented large bioclimatic differences ▪ Energy balance models revealed a more wholesome appraisal of environmental conditions * A. Santos Nouri [email protected] Y. Afacan [email protected] O. Çalışkan [email protected] Tzu-Ping Lin [email protected] A. Matzarakis [email protected]
1
Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture, Bilkent University, 06800 Bilkent, Turkey
2
Department of Turkish and Social Sciences Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankara University, Cebeci, Ankara, Turkey
3
Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd, East Dist., Tainan 701, Taiwan
4
Research Centre Human Biometeorology, German Meteorological Service, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
5
Environmental Meteorology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
A. Santos Nouri et al.
Abbreviations CS# Cold stress (level 1–7) CTIS Climate-Tourism/Transfer-InformationScheme DJF December January
Data Loading...
