Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species identity governs plant water content and soil aggregation improvements under wet-d
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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF ECOSYSTEMS
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species identity governs plant water content and soil aggregation improvements under wet-dry climate conditions Yan Wang 1 & Dan Xing 1 & Chao Bin Luo 1 & Fang Zhang 1 & Cheng Ming Zhang 2 Received: 14 August 2019 / Accepted: 30 March 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Our study aimed to uncover the functions of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil aggregation and plant water content regulation under wetting–drying climate conditions. The climatic characteristics of seasonal drought in karst areas were simulated. Two watering periods were established in a controlled greenhouse to compare the different effects of two genetically different AMF species (Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices) on the water content of 90-day-old mulberry seedlings and on soil aggregates. Our results showed that inoculation with the Rhizophagus intraradices (R.i) strain was more effective at improving mulberry growth performance than Funneliformis mosseae (F.m) inoculation under semiarid conditions. The AMF remained highly infective and continuously increased the proportion of soil macroaggregates under soil drought stress. As a result, our study showed the potential of AMF to promote sustainable mulberry plantations and the rehabilitation of degraded soil in karst areas of southwestern China. Keywords Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus . Mulberry . Soil aggregation . Wetting–drying
Introduction Drought is considered the most prevalent problem in karst areas in southwestern China; therefore, arid soil is one of the most significant factors inhibiting soil and water conservation and plant growth (Guo et al. 2013; Caravaca and Albaladejo, 2004). The degradation of soil structure caused by drought can have negative effects on a wide range of ecosystem processes, including gas and water exchange, nutrient cycling, and erosion resistance (Tisdall and Oades, 1982; Six et al., 2004; Rillig and Mummey, 2006; Daynes et al. 2013). As a parameter used to reflect the pore continuity, water holding capacity and infiltration characteristics of soil, soil aggregation is a principal Editorial Responsibility: Diane Purchase * Dan Xing [email protected] 1
Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Sericulture, Guiyang, China
2
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
ecosystem process that is mediated by soil biota and can be directly or indirectly controlled by various soil biota in a given environmental setting (Bronick and Lal, 2005). AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) form symbiotic associations with more than two-thirds of the world’s terrestrial plant species, including mulberry (Smith and Read, 2008), and also play a key role in soil aggregate formation and stabilization as well as in linkages between plant and soil systems (Wilson et al., 2010). Soil aggregates are classified by the size of their primary particles, from microaggregates (
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