Argumentation Machines New Frontiers in Argument and Computation
In the late 1990s, AI witnessed an increasing use of the term 'argumentation' within its bounds: in natural language processing, in user interface design, in logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning, in Al's interface with the legal community, and in
- PDF / 30,277,283 Bytes
- 258 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 46 Downloads / 200 Views
Argumentation Library Volume9
Series Editors: Frans H. van Eemeren, University ofAmsterdam Scott Jacobs, University ofArizona Erik C.W. Krabbe, University ofGroningen John Woods, University of Lethbridge
ARGUMENTATION MACHINES New Frontiers in Argument and Computation Edited by
CHRIS REED University of Dundee, Scotland, U.K. and
TIMOTHY J. NORMAN University ofAberdeen Scotland, U.K.
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA. B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-017-0431-1 (eBook) ISBN 978-90-481-6517-9 DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-0431-1
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
To Cathy and Vzjaya, with
our love.
Contents
List of Figures Contributing Authors
ix xi xii
Preface
xxi
Acknowledgements
XXV
List of Tables
1 A Roadmap of Research in Argument and Computation Chris Reed and Tzmothy J. Norman 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Research in Argument and Computation 1.3. Conclusions
2 2 12
2 Argument and Multi-Agent Systems
15
1
Timothy J. Norman, Daniela V. Carbogim, Erik C. W. Krabbe, Douglas Walton 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7. 2.8.
Introduction Dialectical Argumentation and Agent Communication Commitment and Roles 1)rpes of Dialogue Dialogue Shifts and Embeddings Argument Schemes and Critical Questions Models of Agent Dialogue Conclusions and Perspectives
3 Decision Support for Practical Reasoning
16 21 29 36 39 41 45 52 55
Rod Girle, David Hitchcock, Peter McBurney, Bart Verheij 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 3.6. 3.7. 3.8. 3.9.
Introduction Practical Reasoning Argument Schemes and Defeasibility Decision Calculi Reasoning Under Resource Constraints Integration of Moral Considerations Deliberation Dialogue Interface Design Evaluation
56 57 62 66 72
74 77
79 81
ARGUMENTATION MACHINES
viii 3.10. Conclusions
4 Computational Models, Argumentation Theories and Legal Practice Trevor Bench-Capon, James B. Freeman, Hanns Hohmann, Henry Prakken 4.1. Introduction 4.2. A Conceptual Process Model of Legal Argumentation 4.3. Argumentation Theories and Computational Legal Argument 4.4. Work in AI and Law 4.5. Discussion
83 85 86 87 99 106 116
5 121 The Persuasion Machine Michael A. Gilbert, Floriana Grasso, Leo Groarke, Corin Gurr, Janne M. Gerlofs 5.1. Introduction 122 5.2. Overview of the Persuasion Machine 124 128 5.3. The Argument Engine 5.4. Revise User Image 135 5.5. Identify Next Move 145 5.6. Prepare Next Move 152 5.7. Generate Utterance 157 5.8. The Persuasion Machine in
