Asceticism, perfectionism and overcontrol in youth with eating disorders
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Asceticism, perfectionism and overcontrol in youth with eating disorders Nicole Obeid1,2 · Darcie D. Valois2 · Shannon Bedford3 · Mark L. Norris2,4 · Nicole G. Hammond2 · Wendy Spettigue2,5 Received: 13 August 2019 / Accepted: 12 December 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose Personality traits such as perfectionism and asceticism, and combinations of these traits (i.e., overcontrol) have been related to eating disorder (ED) diagnosis, symptoms, and chronicity in adult patients with EDs. However, as limited evidence exists in adolescents, the aim of the present study was to examine these links in a clinical sample of adolescents with EDs. Method A retrospective chart review was conducted on 178 adolescents (91% females; Mage = 15.73 years, SD = 1.31) receiving services at a tertiary care pediatric ED program. An examination of variability in mean levels of perfectionism, asceticism, and overcontrol across ED symptom groups (restrictive and binge/purge ED subtypes) was conducted to learn of diagnostic differences, while correlations were used to explore the association of these personality traits with comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess whether overcontrol was related to length of stay (LOS) in an inpatient program. Results Results indicated that adolescents with binge–purge symptoms had higher levels of perfectionism, asceticism and overcontrol compared to those with restrictive symptoms, and that greater levels of perfectionism, asceticism and overcontrol were associated with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, overcontrol predicted greater LOS in the inpatient ED program. Conclusion Results suggest the importance of assessing, monitoring and targeting overcontrol in treatment for adolescents with EDs given its impact on comorbid symptoms and LOS. Level of evidence Level III, evidence obtained from case–control analytic studies. Keywords Overcontrol · Personality · Adolescence · Restrictive profile · Binge/purge profile · Eating disorders
Introduction This article is part of topical collection on Personality and eating and weight disorders. * Nicole Obeid [email protected] 1
Eating Disorders Program, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
2
Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
3
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
4
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L, Canada
5
Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
Eating disorders (EDs) are complex, chronic mental health disorders that have the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders [1], with mean lifetime prevalence rates for women estimated at 1.4% for anorexia nervosa (AN) and 1.9% for bulimia nervosa (BN) [2]. Past research has shown that certain personal
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