Ascophyllum nodosum extract improves leaf thermoregulation by reducing stomatal sensitivity to VPD in Vitis vinifera L.
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Ascophyllum nodosum extract improves leaf thermoregulation by reducing stomatal sensitivity to VPD in Vitis vinifera L. Sergio Tombesi 1
&
Tommaso Frioni 1 & Paolo Sabbatini 2 & Stefano Poni 1 & Alberto Palliotti 3
Received: 8 June 2020 / Revised and accepted: 11 November 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Climate change scenarios and the need of sustainable tools to reduce global warming impact on agriculture have led to the formulation of a large number of natural products or biostimulants that should increase plant resilience to abiotic stress. Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) extract is one of the most studied biostimulants to increase tolerance to drought stress, but the physiological mechanism underlying its action is still poorly understood. The aim of the present work was to determine AN extract impact on grapevine gas exchange under well-watered and water stress conditions and to examine its mode of action under stress (light and temperature). AN caused a slight increase in stomatal conductance that resulted in an increase of water plant conductivity to atmosphere. Increased transpiration induced by AN improved leaf thermoregulation, facilitating vine recovery after a stress period. AN increased transpiration through a reduction of stomatal sensitivity to VPD. AN action on stomata regulation indicated that this biostimulant could be a new potential tool to limit leaf damage during events of extreme temperature, even when they are not combined with water stress conditions. Keywords Stomata regulation . Biostimulant . Grapevine . Light stress . Temperature stress'
Introduction Climate change scenarios forecast the increase of mean temperature over the next decades along with increased frequency of extreme events such as floods, severe droughts, and hot spells during the summer (IPCC 2013). Such climate modifications are a challenge for agriculture; therefore, the development of new tools that can reduce the impact of climate extremes on plant productivity has recently gained large attention (Raza et al. 2019). Plant biostimulants, defined as “formulated products of biological origin that improve plant productivity as a consequence of the novel or emergent properties of the complex of constituents, and not as a sole consequence of the presence * Sergio Tombesi [email protected] 1
Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
2
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
3
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno 74, 06154 Perugia, Italy
of known essential plant nutrients, plant growth regulators, or plant protective compounds” (Yakhin et al. 2017), are alternative tools to enhance plant nutrition and to improve plant resilience to environmental stresses (du Jardin 2015; De Pascale et al. 2017). Among biostimulants obtained from seaweeds, those from Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) extracts are the mo
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