Transcriptional and epigenetic effects of Vitis vinifera L. leaf extract on UV-stressed human dermal fibroblasts
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Transcriptional and epigenetic effects of Vitis vinifera L. leaf extract on UV‑stressed human dermal fibroblasts Sophia Letsiou1 · Aliki Kapazoglou1,2 · Athanasios Tsaftaris3,4 Received: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Adverse environmental conditions such as UV radiation induce oxidative and aging events leading to severe damage to human skin cells. Natural products such as plant extracts have been implicated in the skin anti-oxidant and anti-aging cellular protection against environmental stress. Moreover, environmental factors have been shown to impact chromatin structure leading to altered gene expression programs with profound changes in cellular functions. In this study, we assessed the in vitro effect of a leaf extract from Vitis vinifera L. on UV-stressed primary human dermal fibroblasts, focusing on gene expression and DNA methylation as an epigenetic factor. Expression analysis of two genes known to be implicated in skin anti-aging, SIRT1and HSP4, demonstrated significant induction in the presence of the extract under normal or UVA conditions. In addition, DNA methylation profiling of SIRT1 and HSP47 promoters showed that the V. vinifera L. extract induced changes in the DNA methylation pattern of both genes that may be associated with SIRT1 and HSP47 gene expression. Our study shows for the first time transcriptional and DNA methylation alterations on human skin fibroblasts exposed to UV stress and suggest a protective effect of a V. vinifera extract possibly through transcriptional regulation of critical skin anti-aging genes. Keywords Plant extract · Human primary fibroblasts · Epigenetics · DNA methylation · Vitis vinifera L.
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05645-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sophia Letsiou letsiou‑[email protected] 1
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Research and Development, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Markopoulo Attiki, Athens, Greece
2
Department of Vitis, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture (IOSV), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter (HAO-Demeter), Lykovrysi, 14123 Athens, Greece
3
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
4
Perrotis College, American Farm School, Thermi, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
The ever-increasing ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface of the earth has resulted in skin overexposure and accounts, in part, for skin-related disorders. UV radiation is classified to three types depending on radiation wavelength, UVA (320–400 nm), UVB (280–320 nm) and UVC (200–280 nm). UVA which comprises 90% of total radiation penetrates through the epidermis and dermis skin layers accessing fibroblast cells where it induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage and ulti
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