Aspects of Constructibility

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354 Keith J. Devlin University of Oslo, Oslo/Norway

Aspects of Co n stru cti b il ity

Springer-Verlag Berlin. Heidelberg • New York 1 973

A M S S u b j e c t C l a s s i f i c a t i o n s ( 1 9 7 0 ) : 02-01, 02-02, 02 K 99, 02 H 13

I S B N 3-540-06522-9 S p r i n g e r - V e r l a g B e r l i n • H e i d e l b e r g • N e w Y o r k I S B N 0-387-06522-9 S p r i n g e r - V e r l a g N e w Y o r k - H e i d e l b e r g • B e r l i n

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin • Heidelberg 1973. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 73-15453. Printed in Germany. Offsetdruck: Julius Beltz, Hemsbach/Bergstr.

PREFACE

This set of notes is essentially eonstructibility

theory.

a first draft of a proposed book on

As such it is probably more polished

notes" but lacking the finish of a true "textbook". should publish

this draft for two reasons.

for improvements

and enlargements

this way we publish something , whereas

It seemed desirable

Firstly, by exposing

general view, we hope to gain some reader-feedback suggestions

than a mere "set of that we

the material

in the form of corrections

(or otherwise).

Secondly,

the extra work required to produce a text of of the

for such an undertaking.

Basically, information

and/or

at least

reasonable quality might well take up several years due to the limitations time available

to

the book sets out to collect together most of the existing

on constructibility,

first draft, it is inevitable

much of which is fairly recent.

However, being a

that there will be several omissions.

(For example,

it

occurred to us after the manuscript was typed that we had not included the Levy absoluteness

theorem,

although the closely related Shoenfield

absoluteness

theorem

does in fact appear.) At the other end of the scale, we have included here some results which, because of their very detailed and technical nature, will most likely not appear in any future revision of these notes. forms of Kurepa's hypothesis,

(For example, we include here very general

involving pairs of cardinals,

forms would probably be more suited to a "graduate Nevertheless, pleased to hear),

Department

May 1973.

the book as it stands will be of some value.

of Manchester,

England.

the simplest

text".)

we hope that despite its many shortcomings

of Mathematics,

The University Manchester,

whereas

(of which we shall be

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It is doubtful whether we would ever have come to write this book had it not been for the kind invitation

of Professor J°E. Fenstad to spend the Autumn of 1973

at the University of Oslo, N