Assessment of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Anti-Mullerian Hormone Type II Receptor Variants in Women with Repeated Implant
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REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Assessment of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Anti-Mullerian Hormone Type II Receptor Variants in Women with Repeated Implantation Failures Yun-xing Fu 1
&
Hui-min Yang 1 & Xiao-e OuYang 2 & Rong Hu 3 & Ting Hu 4 & Fei-miao Wang 3
Received: 5 April 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Society for Reproductive Investigation 2020
Abstract Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a common endocrine disease that causes female infertility and the etiology is unknown. The abnormal expression of key proteins and hormones at the maternal–fetal interface affected the maternal–fetal communication and leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The expression of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and AMH receptor II (AMHRII) was observed in the endometrium. This study aimed to investigate the expression of AMH and AMHRII at the human endometrium, decidual tissue, and blastocyst. Furthermore, the expression of AMH and AMHRII were examined in the RIF patients using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR to test the AMHRII expression. The results demonstrated that AMH and AMHRII were present in healthy endometrium and AMHRII was highly expressed in mid-luteal phase. In addition, AMHRII expression was detected throughout the pregnancy and AMHRII’s highest expression was in the second trimester. AMHRII was expressed in the blastocysts; however, AMH was not observed. The positive expression rate for AMHRII was significantly higher in the endometrium from RIF. Estrogen receptor (ER), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1(IGFBP1), and prolactin (PRL) were significantly less expressed in RIF with high expression of AMHRII. The apoptosis was significantly higher in patients with high expression of AMHRII than in patients with normal expression of AMHRII. Our data suggests that AMHRII had an effect on RIF via the AMH and AMHRII signaling pathway. It participated in the development of RIF by interfering with endometrial decidualization and apoptosis. Keywords AMH . AMHRII . Apoptosis . Endometrial decidualization . Repeated implantation failure
Introduction RIF is clinically defined as the failure of good-quality embryos to implant into the uterus following at least three cycles of Yun-xing Fu, Hui-min Yang and Xiao-e OuYang contributed equally to this work. * Rong Hu [email protected] 1
Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
2
Taihe Hospital, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
3
Key Laboratory of Fertility 7 Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
4
Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) [1]. IVF is a widely used treatment for infertile patients. But many women who have good-quality embryos, are still unable to conceive and deliver healthy offspring, which may be caused by factors related to the endometrium [2, 3]. Embryo implantation is a complex process
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