Assessment of anticipated performance index of some deciduous plant species under dust air pollution
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Assessment of anticipated performance index of some deciduous plant species under dust air pollution Zeinab Javanmard 1 & Masoud Tabari Kouchaksaraei 1 & Seyed Mohsen Hosseini 1 & Ashutosh Kumar Pandey 2 Received: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Green vegetation improvement is an economical strategy to mitigate dust air pollution. The anticipated performance index (API) is considered a main criterion to select the suitable plants of urban forests. API is calculated by taking air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and socio-economic and biological aspects into account. In the present work, API of four current deciduous tree species in urban areas of Iran was evaluated. The seedlings were soil-dusted by a dust simulator in plastic chambers at levels of 0, 300, 750, and 1500 μg/m3 at intervals of 1 week for 70 days. At 750 and 1500 μg/m3 dust concentrations (DCs), greatest dust collection capacity was observed with Morus alba and the lowest one with Melia azedarach. Increasing DC declined APTI of all species. At 750 μg/m3 DC, only Morus was tolerant, but at 1500 μg/m3 DC, this species and Melia were categorized as intermediate, and Celtis caucasica and Fraxinus rotundifolia as sensitive. Morus was assessed as a good performer under two higher DC. Celtis was recognized as a moderate under 750 μg/m3 DC and poor performer under 1500 μg/m3 DC. Thus, Celtis can be considered as a biomonitor for air quality or as sink for dust in high dusty areas because of its high capacity of dust deposition. At two higher DCs, Fraxinus and Melia showed very poor and poor performance; planting these species in high dust areas is not recommended. In contrast, Morus is the most suitable tree species for urban green spaces in dusty regions, due to its high dust collection capacity and high APTI and API values. Keywords API . APTI . Dust concentration . Dust-tolerant species . Green belt . Urban forests
Introduction Atmospheric dust consists of a complex mixture of fine solid matters suspended in air (Grantz et al. 2003). It is taken into consideration as one of the main widespread air pollutants, Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Masoud Tabari Kouchaksaraei [email protected] Zeinab Javanmard [email protected] Seyed Mohsen Hosseini [email protected] Ashutosh Kumar Pandey [email protected] 1
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Earth Science, School of Earth Science, Banasthali Vidyapith, P.O. Banasthali, Rajasthan, Bharat 304022, India
especially in arid zones (Drack and Vázquez 2018). The emissions of dust particles into the atmosphere have been estimated nearly 2000 million tons per year (Shao et al. 2011). Dust pollution is primarily a result of climate change, natural disasters, unplanned development, and unregulated man’s activities (Naidoo and Chirkoot 2004). The occurrence of dust pollution has far-reaching implication
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