Assessment of potential health risk of major contaminants of groundwater in a densely populated agricultural area
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Assessment of potential health risk of major contaminants of groundwater in a densely populated agricultural area Zijun Li . Kun Yang . Chuan Xie . Qingchun Yang . Xiaohui Lei . Hao Wang
Received: 3 May 2019 / Accepted: 8 November 2019 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract As a key part of Bohai New Area development, Haixing County has been undergoing rapid development. In order to estimate potential risks of chemical parameters to human health of local residents, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks via direct ingestion of drinking water were calculated using human health risk assessment (HHRS) based on triangular fuzzy number. The levels of pH, total dissolved solids, total harness, SO42-, Na?, Cl-, SO42-, F-, Fe (total iron), NO3-, and NO2- were more or less higher than the permissible limits except parameters As and Mn. The analysis results show that risk level for different crowds in the study area demonstrated an obvious variation, generally in the
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-019-00470-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Z. Li Q. Yang (&) Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] K. Yang C. Xie Geothermal Institute of Hydrological Engineering Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang 050000, People’s Republic of China
order of infants [ children [ adult males [ adult females for non-carcinogenic risk values (Rn), while the sequence of the carcinogenic risk values (Rc) are adult males [ adult females [ children [ infants. When the confidence level was 0.8, the non-carcinogenic risk values (Rn) through drinking water intake were higher than 1, and this implied that potential health impacts on human health for local residents. However, the risks of carcinogenic risk values (Rc) were lower than 1.0E-4, demonstrating minimal and acceptable health risk. Furthermore, according to the middle values (a = 1) of Rn, the total non-carcinogenic risks for local residents were obtained in the following order: GW (Gaowan Town) [ XJ (Xinji-Xiangfang County) [ ZM (Zhaomaotao County) [ HX (Haixing-Suji Town) [ ZH (Zhanghuiting County) [ XS (Xiaoshan County), and ZM [ XJ [ GW [ HX [ XS [ ZH for Rc. It was also found that the spatial distribution of fluoride level in drinking water is urgently needed to be identified. In conclusion, the potential health risks to residents should cause enough attention both from society and the academic community. Keywords Groundwater Human health risk assessment Triangular fuzzy number Fluoride Haixing County
X. Lei H. Wang China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 010000, People’s Republic of China
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Environ Geochem Health
Introduction Contamination of the environment has been accelerated all over the world during the past two decades owing to rapid economic
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