Assessment of Spatial and Temporal Soil Water Storage Using a Distributed Hydrological Model
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Assessment of Spatial and Temporal Soil Water Storage Using a Distributed Hydrological Model Nayara P. V. Andrade 1 & Marcelo R. Viola 1 & Samuel Beskow 2 & Tamara L. Caldeira 3 & Li Guo 4 & Carlos R. Mello 1 Received: 12 November 2019 / Accepted: 2 November 2020 / Published online: 11 November 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
Hydrological models are the main tools for water resources management. The Lavras Simulation of Hydrology (LASH) model was developed for watersheds with scarce data, and great results have been obtained in Brazil. This study aimed to incorporate hydrological response units (HRUs) in the LASH model to assess soil water storage (SWS) across space and time. The LASH model was calibrated and validated for the Grande River basin upstream of the Furnas Hydropower Plant, in southeastern Brazil. The NashSutcliff coefficient (CNS) and its logarithmic version were analyzed in terms of both calibration and validation to appraise the model’s performance in a daily time step. The CNS for calibration and validation was 0.86 and 0.77, respectively, showing that LASH using the HRUs produced improvements in the simulations. The calibrated parameters showed a good relationship with hydrological processes in HRUs, and SWS estimates reflected the soils, topography, and land use of the watershed. LASH could describe the SWS behavior and identify the sub-watersheds with the highest and the lowest values. Therefore, the LASH model is a promising tool for SWS simulation in time and space. Keywords Soil moisture . Hydrological simulation . Spatial variability, hydrological processes
* Carlos R. Mello [email protected]
1
Water Resources Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-900, Brazil
2
Center for Technological Development, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
3
Engineering Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
4
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Andrade N.P.V. et al.
1 Introduction The hydrological regime of a watershed influences many practical aspects of natural resources management. The advancement of hydrological models has recently improved the understanding of the hydrological cycle in watersheds, mainly due to GIS support (Beskow et al., 2013). Rainfall-runoff models are used to solve several engineering problems, such as estimating water availability, forecasting streamflow, and assessing the hydrological responses of the watershed caused by land-use and climate change. The Lavras Simulation of Hydrology (LASH) model has been effectively utilized to assess the hydrological impacts from land-use and climate change in Brazilian watersheds (Caldeira et al., 2019). LASH is a deterministic, semi-conceptual, spatially distributed, long-term hydrological model. Mello et al. (2008) presented the first version of the model by simulating watersheds in the Upper Grande River basin in southeastern Brazil, with success
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