Astrophysical Plasmas and Fluids
Life was simple when the dynamic, the spectral and the resolving powers of our instruments were small. One observed whole objects - planets, stars, sunspots, galaxies, often in rainbow colours. Then the revolution occurred: we acquired the centimetric eye
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ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY VOLUME 235
Executive Committee W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands J. M. E. KUIJPERS, Faculty ofScience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands E. P. 1. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical Institute, University ofAmsterdam, The Netherlands H. VAN DER LAAN, Astronomical Institute, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
Editorial Board I. APPENZELLER, Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, Germany 1. N. BAHCALL, The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, U.S.A. F. BERTOLA, Universita di Padova, Italy W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands 1. P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A. C. 1. CESARSKY, Centre d' Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France O. ENGVOLD, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Norway 1. M. E. KUIJPERS, Faculty ofScience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, JILA, Boulder, U.S.A. P. G. MURDIN, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Cambridge, U.K. F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India K. SATO, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan F. H. SHU, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Russia R. A. SUNYAEV, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia Y. TANAKA, Institute of Space & Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan S. TREMAINE, CITA, Princeton University, U.S.A. E. P. 1. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical Institute, University ofAmsterdam, The Netherlands H. VAN DER LAAN, Astronomical Institute, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands N. O. WEISS, University of Cambridge, U.K.
ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS ANDFLUIDS by
VINOD KRISHAN Indian Institute of Astrophysics. Rangalore. India
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.Y.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Krlshan, V. (Vlnodl Astrophyslcal plasmas and flulds I Vlnod Krlshan. p. cm. -- (Astrophysics and space sclence llbrary Inc I udes b j b 1 i ograph i ca I references and index.
2351
ISBN 978-0-7923-5490-1 ISBN 978-94-011-4720-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-4720-0
1. Plas~a astrophysics. 2. Fluid dynamics. 1. Title. II. Series: Astrophysics and space science Ilbrary ; v. 235. QB462.7.K75 1998 523.01--dc21
98-31126
ISBN 978-0-7923-5490-1
Printed on acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved © 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system. without written permission from the copyright owncr
Dedication
To everyone, I have known.
CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Plasma - The Universal state of Matter 1.1 How Should We Describe a Plasma? 1.2 Collective And Quasi-Neutral 1.3 Electrostatic Potential in a Plasma - Debye Screening 1.4 Coulomb Collisions Among Plasma Part
