Ballistic Impact on Woven Glass/Epoxy Composites at High and Low Temperatures
This paper investigates the effect of temperature on the ballistic limit of woven glass/epoxy composite panels (6×4×0.25in.) at five different temperatures:−60°C,−20°C, R.T, 75°C and 125°C. The studies were conducted by combining experimental and 3-D dyna
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Ballistic Impact on Woven Glass/Epoxy Composites at High and Low Temperatures Yougashwar Budhoo, Feridun Delale, and Benjamin Liaw
Abstract This paper investigates the effect of temperature on the ballistic limit of woven glass/epoxy composite panels (6 4 0.25 in.) at five different temperatures:60 C,20 C, R.T, 75 C and 125 C. The studies were conducted by combining experimental and 3-D dynamic finite element approaches. The specimens tested were made of plain-weave S-2 glass fibers/toughened epoxy. The composite panels were impacted using an in-house gas gun. The time-histories of impactinduced dynamic strains was recorded. The damaged specimens were inspected visually and using the ultrasonic C scan method. A 3-D dynamic finite element (FE) software, with Chang-Chang composite damage model, was then used to simulate the experimental results of the ballistic impact tests. Good agreement between experimental and FE results has been achieved. Keywords Finite element (FE) • Woven composite • Ballistic impact
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Introduction
The main idea of composite material is to combine different materials to produce a new material with performance unattainable by the individual constituents. It gives flexibility to the designer to tailor the new material with properties to obtain peak performance for a particular application. The essence of the concept of composites is this: the bulk phase accepts the load over a large surface area, and transfers it to the reinforcement, which being stiffer, increases the strength of the composite. The significance here lies in the fact that there are numerous matrix materials and as many fiber types, which can be combined in countless ways to produce just the desired properties. As the demand for materials with higher stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios, tailoring flexibility, more resistant to harsh environment and damage tolerance arises; researchers and engineers seek to have more profound understanding of the behavior of different composites under various conditions. Investigations into woven composites have been extensive over recent years mainly because of their excellent impact resistance [1–5], dimensional stability, ease of handling etc. Some of these researches also focused on the effect of different environments, such as temperature [4–8] on the behavioral response of composite materials.
Y. Budhoo (*) Department of Engineering and Technology, Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology, 86-01, 23 Ave, East Elmhurst, Queens, NY 11369, USA e-mail: [email protected] F. Delale • B. Liaw Department of Mechanical Engineering, The City College of New York, 140th and Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031, USA V. Chalivendra et al. (eds.), Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1: Proceedings of the 2012 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-4238-7_39, # The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2013
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