Cross-section piles in transparent soil under different dimensional conditions subjected to vertical load: an experiment
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Cross-section piles in transparent soil under different dimensional conditions subjected to vertical load: an experimental study Tao Fang 1,2 & Ming Huang 2 & Ke Tang 2 Received: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract In this study, soil pile models using transparent soil were used to study the displacement distribution law under different dimensional and loading conditions (vertical load ranges from 3 (30 N) to 50 kg (500 N)). Experiments were conducted to obtain displacement contour maps from model piles with variable diameters and lengths. Overall, the results show that side resistance increases monotonically with the pile diameter and that the pile displacement trend under the same load increases on shorter piles as well as the angle between the soil displacement direction and vertical direction. The final results were utilized to obtain displacement contour maps of rock mass and identify failure zones under different loads. It is found that the side resistance enhancement effect increases monotonically with pile diameter. The angle between the soil displacement direction and vertical direction between model piles of different lengths under identical loading conditions increases with decreasing soil volume, and the side frictional resistance and order variation resistance play a more substantial role than pile tip resistance. The findings provide a basis for constructing highways and also bridge pile foundations. Keywords Transparent soil . Variable cross-section pile . Model test . Displacement distribution law
Introduction Variable ladder-type cross-section piles with “extra-large” diameters can be a novel solution for foundation problems in complicated geological areas. However, their design and computational theory still require further improvements in engineering practice. Previous studies have investigated the mechanical characteristics of such piles and transparent soil, and substantial achievements regarding those have been reported. Many researchers developed studies around this theme. Lai et al. (1994) and Sadek et al. (2002) proposed that silicon powder of different grain sizes could be combined with silica gel to form an aggregate for synthesizing transparent soil with pore Responsible Editor: Zeynal Abiddin Erguler * Ming Huang [email protected] 1
Engineering Research & Development Centre for Underground Technology of Jiangxi Province, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
2
School of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
fluid; it is found that transparent soils are characterized by large strains during consolidation and shear. Welker et al. (1999) and Iskander et al. (2002) prepared transparent clay using silicon powder and pore fluid with identical refractive indices and reported similarities between the properties of amorphous silica powder or gel and clay particles, demonstrating the feasibility of producing transparent materials, which could be customized to exhibit shear strength, pore pr
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