Biodiversity of Zooplankton in Polish Small Water Bodies
Although ponds located in a low-transformed landscape harbour higher biodiversity than ponds in areas with a large impact of anthropopression, both types of water bodies can contribute to the enrichment of fauna on local and regional scales. This review p
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Ponds as a Valuable Habitat for Maintaining Biodiversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Zooplankton Diversity in Ponds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Taxonomic Diversity of Zooplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Most Frequent Zooplankton Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Rare Zooplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Drivers of Zooplankton Diversity in Ponds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Zooplankton in Ponds of Various Trophic States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Zooplankton in Ponds of Various Origins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Zooplankton in Permanent vs. Temporary Ponds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Zooplankton in Ponds of Various Types of Catchment Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 Zooplankton in Various Habitats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract Although ponds located in a low-transformed landscape harbour higher biodiversity than ponds in areas with a large impact of anthropopression, both types of water bodies can contribute to the enrichment of fauna on local and regional scales. This review presents aspects of pond zooplankton diversity with reference to the occurrence of species, common and rare, and significant drivers of their distribution. The results of various studies carried out on small water bodies in Poland revealed a great level of zooplankton diversity, which points directly to a high variation of the origin of types of ponds. Land use within the direct catchment area influences the creation of zooplankton diversity, although a greater impact is connected with various habitats, particularly the open water zone and macrophytedominated areas. The complex architecture of elodeids is responsible for the highest zooplankton diversity with many rare species, offering a great number of avai
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