Biomimetic and electroactive 3D scaffolds for human neural crest-derived stem cell expansion and osteogenic differentiat
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Research Letter
Biomimetic and electroactive 3D scaffolds for human neural crest-derived stem cell expansion and osteogenic differentiation Donata Iandolo †, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB30AS, UK Jonathan Sheard, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG66AP, UK; Sheard BioTech Limited, Wenlock Road, London N17GU, UK Galit Karavitas Levy, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21PZ, UK Charalampos Pitsalidis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB30AS, UK Ellasia Tan, Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UKSW7 2B London, UK Anthony Dennis , Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21PZ, UK Ji-Seon Kim, Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UKSW7 2B London, UK Athina E. Markaki, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21PZ, UK Darius Widera , Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG66AP, UK Ró isín M. Owens , Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB30AS, UK Address all correspondence to Donata Iandolo at [email protected] (Received 27 November 2019; accepted 10 January 2020)
Abstract Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by bone loss and bone microarchitectural deterioration. The combination of smart materials and stem cells represents a new therapeutic approach. In the present study, highly porous scaffolds are prepared by combining the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS with collagen type I, the most abundant protein in bone. The inclusion of collagen proves to be an effective way to modulate their mechanical properties and it induces an increase in scaffolds’ electrochemical impedance. The biomimetic scaffolds support neural crest-derived stem cell osteogenic differentiation, with no need for scaffold pre-conditioning contrarily to other reports.
Introduction Osteoporosis affects more than 75 million patients in the EU, USA, and Japan with increasing prevalence correlating with the rising life expectancy. It is expected that the number of patients affected by these disorders will increase by a third by 2050.[1] One of the recent innovative approaches to tackle osteoporosis entails the use of autologous stem cells in combination with a material that can actively influence their behavior. In this context, autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) able to generate osteoblasts have been proposed to be good candidates to treat osteoporosis.[2] Recently, it has been shown that the application of MSCs can prevent bone loss in a mouse model of osteoporosis.
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