Biomimetic tough helicoidally structured material through novel electrospinning based additive manufacturing
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.313
Biomimetic tough helicoidally structured material through novel electrospinning based additive manufacturing Komal Agarwal1, Rahul Sahay1, Avinash Baji2*, Arief S. Budiman1* 1 Xtreme Materials Laboratory (XML), Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372
2
La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia, VIC, 3086
*[email protected] and [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Natural structural materials (NSMs) such as nacre, teeth, bones and crustacean exoskeleton are usually made of weak biomaterials arranged in specific structural design imparting them remarkable mechanical characteristics. Such hierarchical structural layouts found in nature encourage designing of mechanically desirable synthetic structural materials (SSMs). Among variety of natural hierarchical layouts, this paper specifically focuses on helicoidal architectural design found in the tough dactyl club of mantis shrimp. We first decode the mechanics behind helicoidal microstructural design and document the development of impact resistant macroscale helicoidal architectured synthetic structural materials (HA-SSMs). Next, near-field electrospinning technique (NFES)- both melt (polycaprolactone) and solution (polyvinylidene fluoride) type has been discussed in detail, as a novel method for developing lab scale 3D biomimetic HA-SSMs in micro-nanoscale. Further, the effect of the helical arrangement, size of substructures and surface treatment on strength and toughness of NFES fabricated HA-SSMs samples is analysed.
INTRODUCTION Natural structural materials (NSMs) found in bones, nacre, teeth, shells and mantis shrimp’s dactyl club exhibit superior mechanical characteristics, encouraging
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development of biomimetic synthetic structural materials (SSMs) with unprecedented mechanical characteristics[1]. Although individual constituents of NSMs are usually mechanically weak proteins, polysaccharides, and minerals, NSMs exhibit exceptional mechanical properties[2–3]. These remarkable features are attributed to specific hierarchical arrangement of these mechanically weak constituents within the microstructure. For instance, the brick and mortar hierarchical arrangement of aragonite tables make nacre 3000 times tougher than aragonite itself[4]. The hierarchical arrangement of NSMs found in trees and bone impart stability, fracture toughness, ability to arrest crack propagation and absorb high energy avoiding catastrophic failure[5–7]. Among several natural hierarchical designs, this paper focuses on helicoidal architectural layout found in mantis shrimp’s dactyl club and hence, inspired biomimetic helicoidally architectured synthetic structural materials (HA-SSMs).
Figure 1: Morphological and Microstructural Features of Odontoda
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