Bioremediation efficiency of indigenous seaweeds of Chennai coast in brackishwater system
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Bioremediation efficiency of indigenous seaweeds of Chennai coast in brackishwater system Soumyabrata Sarkar 1 & P. Nila Rekha 1 & K. Ambasankar 1 & K. K. Vijayan 1 Received: 22 January 2020 / Accepted: 12 November 2020/ # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract
The accelerated development of high-density brackishwater shrimp farming necessitates the importance of bioremediation. Seaweeds have the potential to reduce nutrients from aquaculture systems and provide extra income when species of economic importance are used. Identification of suitable seaweed species which is locally available in abundance with bioremediation capacity in brackishwater system is paramount, and the present study addresses this issue. An exploratory monthly survey was undertaken in three brackishwater systems in Chennai coast viz. Muttukadu lagoon, Vennangupattu Lake and Pulicat Lake from March 2018 to February 2019 which led to a focus on species of the family Gracilariaceae. Identification of the species through taxonomical and molecular observations confirmed that seaweed from Muttukadu lagoon and Vennangupattu Lake is Agarophyton tenuistipitatum and that from Pulicat Lake is Hydropuntia edulis. Evaluation of the bioremediation potential of these two species indicated that they were similar with respect to ammonia and phosphate reduction efficiency whereas the specific growth rate of A. tenuistipitatum was significantly higher than H. edulis. Furthermore, the nutrient reduction efficiency and specific growth rate was significantly higher at biomass density of 3.5 and 4.5 g L−1 compared to 1.5 and 2.5 g L−1. It could therefore be concluded that A. tenuistipitatum could be utilised for bioremediation as well as culture in brackishwater system at a biomass density ranging from 3.5 to 4.5 g L−1. Keywords Bioremediation . Cox2–3 spacer . Initial biomass . RuBisCo spacer . Seaweed
Introduction Aquaculture in India has evolved as a viable commercial farming practice from the level of traditional backyard activity over the past few decades with considerable diversification in
* P. Nila Rekha [email protected]; [email protected]
1
ICAR–Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai 600028, India
Aquaculture International
terms of species and systems and has been showing an impressive annual growth rate of 6–7%. Indian crustacean farming is brackishwater aquaculture wherein shrimps account for more than 90% of Indian crustacean production. Shrimp cultivation has been on a surge especially since 2009, after the introduction of Penaeus vannamei with production levels of 10–12 t ha crop−1 within a 135-day duration (Laxmappa 2016). The production of this species has reached a level of 622,327 tonnes during 2017–2018 (MPEDA 2018). At present, the major brackishwater-cultivated species is Penaeus vannamei which contributed about 52.9% among crustaceans in world aquaculture production (FAO 2020). The aquaculture of marine animals is not an environmentally friendly activity. One of the most ser
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