Boreal and Temperate Trees in a Changing Climate Modelling the Ecoph
This book provides an overview of how boreal and temperate tree species have adapted their annual development cycle to the seasonally varying climatic conditions. Therefore, the frost hardy dormant phase, and the susceptible growth phase, are
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Heikki Hänninen
Boreal and Temperate Trees in a Changing Climate Modelling the Ecophysiology of Seasonality
Biometeorology Volume 3
Chief Editor Glenn McGregor, Durham University, UK Editorial Board Richard de Dear, Macquire University, Sydney, Australia Kristie L. Ebi, ESS, LLC, Alexandria, VA, USA Daniel Scott, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Scott Sheridan, Kent State University, Ohio, USA Mark D. Schwartz, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, WI, USA
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8101
Heikki Ha¨nninen
Boreal and Temperate Trees in a Changing Climate Modelling the Ecophysiology of Seasonality
Heikki Ha¨nninen Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
Biometeorology ISBN 978-94-017-7547-2 ISBN 978-94-017-7549-6 DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-7549-6
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016938116 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: The cover photo was taken by Juho Aalto. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media B.V. Dordrecht
To the memory of my mother (1920–2008) and the memory of Lisa Lena (1957–2013)
Preface
Boreal and temperate trees grow under climatic conditions in which the ambient air temperature displays pronounced seasonal variation. Unlike herbs and grasses, trees overwinter without a sheltering snow cover, so that they are exposed to all the harsh climatic conditions. That is why their climatic adaptation is based on their annual cycle of development, whereby the frost-hardy dormant phase and the susceptible growth phase are synchronised with the seasonality of the climate. There is a long and rich research tradition focusing on this key adaptive strategy of boreal and temperate trees, not only because trees are major elements of forest ecosystems but also because many of these tree species are econ
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