Carbon and nitrogen budget in fish-polychaete integrated aquaculture system
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Carbon and nitrogen budget in fish-polychaete integrated aquaculture system* HU Fawen1, SUN Ming1, FANG Jinghui2, 3, **, WANG Guodong4, LI Li1, GAO Fengxiang1, JIAN Yuxia1, WANG Xue1, LIU Guangbin1, ZOU Yan1, GUO Wen1 1
Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, China
2
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
3
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and
4
Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
Received Jun. 4, 2020; accepted in principle Jun. 16, 2020; accepted for publication Jul. 13, 2020 © Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Integrated multi-tropic aquaculture (IMTA) systems have been used in China for many years and have achieved significant economic, social, and ecological benefits. However, there is still a lack of benthic bioremediation species that can effectively utilize the aquaculture particulate organic waste in the system. Polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube is used as an environmental remediation species for large-scale aquaculture to reduce particulate organic waste, which is of great significance to environmental protection. To improve bio-elements utilization efficiency, P. aibuhitensis was applied for IMTA indoor fish (Hexagrammos otakii) farming. Results showed that in the system, production of 1 kg of the fish discharged 2 141–2 338 mg of carbon and 529–532 mg of nitrogen, while in the monoculture of the fish, the figures were 3 033–3 390 mg and 764–794 mg, or 24.84%–35.26% and 30.35%–33.32% less, respectively. This approach promoted IMTA technology that could utilize the particulate organic waste from intensive aquaculture and reduce the adverse environmental effects. Keyword: Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube; Hexagrammos otakii; integrated multi-tropic aquaculture (IMTA); carbon and nitrogen budget; sediment remediation
1 INTRODUCTION There has been a sharp increase in the global demand for seafood products coinciding with rapid population growth. As a result, aquaculture production has undergone unprecedented growth and has become the fastest-growing food-producing sector in the world. Fish farming supports major aquaculture across the world, including fish cage farming and indoor fish farming (FAO, 2018). However, increasing concern had been posed regarding its environmental impact (Read and Fernandes, 2003; Mente et al., 2006; Wen et al., 2007). For example, the discharged particle waste and dissolved compounds from fish cage farming adversely affected the surrounding environment (Wu, 1995; Gillibrand et al., 1996; Wen et al., 2007; Á Norði et al., 2011). The discharged nitrogen could account for 75% and 80% of the
nitrogen input in pond and cage aquaculture system, respectively (Chang et al., 2006; Zhang, 2012). An excess amount of these compoun
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