Carbon stocks, partitioning, and wood composition in short-rotation forestry system under reduced planting spacing
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RESEARCH PAPER
Carbon stocks, partitioning, and wood composition in short-rotation forestry system under reduced planting spacing Felipe Schwerz 1 & Durval D. Neto 2 & Braulio O. Caron 3 & Liliane B. Tibolla 3 & Jaqueline Sgarbossa 3 & Elder Eloy 4 & Elvis F. Elli 5 & Luiz G. Carvalho 1 Received: 17 December 2019 / Accepted: 11 June 2020 # INRAE and Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract & Key message The use of reduced planting spacings is an important strategy to increase the carbon storage in the abovebelowground biomass and should be recommended for future exploitation of forest energy plantations when the purpose intended is the production of biomass for energy. & Context Recent concerns about global warming have resulted in more concerted studies on quantifying carbon storage in forest systems. Forest energy plantations play an essential role in the carbon storage. & Aims We proposed to evaluate the carbon storage and partitioning in short-rotation forest plantations and to characterize the elemental composition and energetic properties of the forest species Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, Mimosa scabrella Benth, and Ateleia glazioviana Baill, grown under four planting spacings in Southern Brazil. & Methods A field study was conducted in order to evaluate forest carbon stock and wood composition using samples collected by direct method. The four spacings evaluated were 2.0 × 1.0, 2.0 × 1.5, 3.0 × 1.0, and 3.0 × 1.5 m. −1 & Results The Eucalyptus grandis stored 327.1 Mg C ha at 2.0 × 1.5-m spacing. When compared with the 3.0 × 1.5-m spacing, we observed a reduction of 29% in carbon stored. All forest species showed higher carbon storage in the following partitioning pattern: trunk>roots>branches>leaves>litter. Forest species energetic properties and elemental composition were not affected by planting spacing. On the other hand, variations according the tree portions were observed. For the carbon stocks in the soil, we observed an average accumulated carbon stock for the forest species studied of 77.4 Mg C ha−1 (0–40 cm). & Conclusion Forest managers can accelerate growth and increase the forest carbon storage and biomass yield by using reduced planting spacing that are smaller than the current pattern used by the majority of the forest producers, which is 3.0 × 1.5 m. For Eucalyptus grandis and Mimosa scabrella, the planting spacings recommended to produce biomass and improve carbon stocks were 2.0 × 1.5 and 2.0 × 1.0 m, respectively. Handling Editor: Shuqing Zhao Contribution of the co-authors: FS: initiated the study. FS, BOC, DDN, and EFE: designed the experiment. FS, JS, LBT, and EE: performed and collecting the data of the experiment. FS and DDN: performed data processing and statistics. All the authors discussed and interpreted the results. FS: wrote the first version of the paper. DDN, BOC, EFE, EE, and LGC: discussed and modified the text. All co-authors gave their final approval for publication. * Felipe Schwerz [email protected] Durval D. Neto ddourado@usp.
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