Cardiac Biomarkers Release in Preadolescent Athletes After an High Intensity Exercise
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cardiac Biomarkers Release in Preadolescent Athletes After an High Intensity Exercise A. Peretti1 • L. Mauri2 • A. Masarin3 • G. Annoni2 • A. Corato2 • A. Maloberti4 Cristina Giannattasio1,4,5 • G. Vignati2
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Received: 31 October 2017 / Accepted: 11 December 2017 Ó Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017
Abstract Introduction An elevation of cardiac troponins has been described in healthy athletes after endurance exercises. The clinical significance of this increase is unclear and the lack of awareness of this phenomenon may lead to inappropriate management of these subjects. Aim We sought to determine wether an intensive cycling training could determine a biomarkers elevation. Methods We evaluated serum high sensitivity cardiac troponin T, NH(2)-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, CK-MB and CK in 21 healthy male preadolescent athletes (age 9.2 ± 1.7 years) after an intensive cycling training prolonged until muscular exhaustion (mean duration 160 4100 ). During exercise heart rhythm and rate were monitored with Holter. Results 62% of the group had an elevation of cardiac biomarkers: specifically, 6 children had an increase in troponin levels; 3 of them had an elevation of pro-brain natriuretic peptides as well. Pro-brain natriuretic peptides
resulted increased in 9 subjects. There was no relation between troponin elevation and heart rate, age or exercise duration; subjects with increased pro-brain natriuretic peptides had mean and maximal heart rates lower than children with normal natriuretic peptides levels. Other sports were performed in 50% of subjects with normal troponins and only in 17% of those with increased values. Conclusions A short, high-intensity exercise caused an elevation of cardiac biomarkers in 62% of our subjects. The grade of training may influence the release of troponin and this increase is probably related to a temporary discrepancy between O2 delivery and consumption. Increases in natriuretic peptides levels are possibly expression of different adaptations to exercise. Keywords Preadolescent athletes Cardiac biomarkers Troponin NT-proBNP Cardiovascular risk factors
1 Introduction & Cristina Giannattasio [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Medicine and Surgery, University of MilanoBicocca, Milan, Italy
2
Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, ASST GOM Niguarda Ca Granda, Milan, Italy
3
Chemical Clinical Analysis and Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine Department, ASST GOM Niguarda Ca Granda, Milan, Italy
4
Cardiology 4-Diagnostic and Rehabilitative Cardiothoracovascular Department, ASST GOM Niguarda Ca Granda, Milan, Italy
5
Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, AST Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159 Milan, Italy
An intense and prolonged physical exercise is a well known cause of elevation of skeletal muscle markers of tissue damage, such as creatine kinase [1]. Furthermore, a release of commonly used cardiac biomarkers, such as
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