CD200R Is Involved in the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Microglia
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
CD200R Is Involved in the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Microglia Xiaobao Zhang,1 Jizheng Cui,2 Haitao Qian,1 Bing Wang,1 Fang Yan ,3,4 and Zhibin Zhao1,4
Abstract— Dexmedetomidine has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory effect in numer-
ous diseases. However, the detailed mechanism is still unknown. We explore the hypothesis that CD200R is related to the anti-inflammatory effect of dexmedetomidine. Primary microglia were treated with different concentrations of dexmedetomidine followed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Arginase 1 (Arg1), IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by TR-PCR. CD200R was observed by Western blot analysis. We found dexmedetomidine reduced LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production and increase Arg1 in primary microglia. CD200R expression was downregulated by LPS and dexmedetomidine can attenuate the effect of LPS. Our results showed that CD200R may be related to the anti-inflammatory effect of dexmedetomidine. KEY WORDS: dexmedetomidine; lipopolysaccharide; microglia; CD200R; TNF-α.
INTRODUCTION The pathophysiologies of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are far from being fully explained. These degenerative diseases are associated with higher mortality, prolonged length of Xiaobao Zhang and Jizheng Cui contributed equally to this work. 1
Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, 222000, China 2 Department of Pain, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lianyungang, 222000, China 3 Department of Basic Medical Science, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, China 4 To whom correspondence should be addressed to Fang Yan at Department of Basic Medical Science, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, China. E-mail: [email protected]; and ; [email protected]
hospital stay, higher institutionalization rates, and rising healthcare costs [20]. The pathology of these diseases is still unknown. However, accumulating literature supports the notion that neuroinflammation may play a critical role in these central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative diseases [22, 27]. It is equally important as the innate CNS immune response in the occurrence and progression of disease. As well as environmental factors such as pollution, smoke affects the microglial responses to inflammation. Moderate response of these surveillance cells (microglia, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) contribute to the protective effect, whereas excessive response cause damage to neurons in the CNS [25]. Thus, development of novel anti-neuroinflammatory medicine will be key to controlling neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are no specific therapeutic treatments to a
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