Ceramic technology. How to reconstruct the firing process
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(2020) 12:260
REVIEW
Ceramic technology. How to reconstruct the firing process Elisabetta Gliozzo 1 Received: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 24 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Focused on uncoated ceramics, this tutorial paper is divided into two main sections. The first section deals with the operational phases required prior to firing (drying, piling, fuel supply). Then, the second chapter deals with the transformations that occur in the clayey paste during firing. An overall understanding of the firing process includes several issues to be considered and properly investigated. Thereafter, the thermal behaviour of several mineralogical phases (calcite and dolomite; quartz and cristobalite; Kfeldspar and plagioclase; rutile and anatase; haematite, maghemite, hercynite and metallic Fe; illite, muscovite, biotite and chlorite; wollastonite, melilite, anorthite and monticellite; diopside and kaolinite) is described. Four brief chapters are further dedicated to the development of the amorphous/glassy component, to the matrix and its porosity, to the colour and the organic matter and to the variations in chemical composition, respectively. The concluding remarks provide a short list of the analytical techniques that have been commonly applied to the investigation of firing conditions and a concise summary of the state of the art of the “firing issue”. The method to be applied in future experimental reproductions and the opportunity itself to investigate the “firing issue” in various contexts are further discussed. Keywords Ceramic technology . Thermal transformation . Ceramic firing . Drying, piling and fuel supply . Phases decomposition . Newly formed phases
Premise This paper contributes to the Topical Collection (TC) “Ceramics: Research questions and answers” aimed at guiding researchers in the study of archaeological ceramics from excavation to study and preservation in museum collections. Each contribution has a tutorial approach covering one of the main issues pertaining to the study of ceramics: research questions and sampling criteria (Gliozzo 2020); the chemical (Hein and Kilikoglou 2020) and mineralogical-petrographic (Montana 2020) investigation of raw materials; the technological character and suitability of raw materials (Gualtieri 2020); the processing (Eramo 2020) and modelling (Thér 2020) of clays; surface finishing (Ionescu and Hoeck 2020) and ceramic firing (this paper); the investigation of different coatings
This article is a Topical Collection on Ceramics: Research questions and answers * Elisabetta Gliozzo [email protected] 1
Department of Earth, Environmental and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, via laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
such as black glass-ceramic (Aloupi-Siotis 2020), terra sigillata (Sciau et al. 2020) and glazes (Pradell and Molera 2020); the isotopic study of particular types of products such as Chinese ceramics (Henderson et al. 2020); the identification of post-burial transformations (Maritan 2020); the dating of ceramics (G
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