Characterization of a broad substrates specificity acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 from the green tide alga U
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Characterization of a broad substrates specificity acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 from the green tide alga Ulva prolifera Xiaowen Zhang1, 2†, Xiaoyuan Chi3†, Yitao Wang1, Jian Zhang4, Yan Zhang1, Dong Xu1, Xiao Fan1, Chengwei Liang4, Naihao Ye1, 2* 1 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 2 Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for
Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China 3 Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China 4 College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao
266042, China Received 1 November 2019; accepted 20 April 2020 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (triglycerides, TAGs) are the major carbon and energy storage forms in various organisms, and important components of cellular membranes and signaling molecules; they have essential functions in multiple physiological processes and stress regulation. Acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the final and only committed acylation step in the synthesis of TAGs in eukaryotes. The present work identified and isolated a novel gene, UpDGAT1, from the green tide alga Ulva prolifera. The activity of UpDGAT1 was confirmed by heterologous expression in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae TAG-deficient quadruple mutant. Results of thin-layer chromatography and BODIPY staining indicated that UpDGAT1 was able to restore TAG synthesis and lipid body formation in the yeast. Lipid analysis of yeast cells revealed that UpDGAT1 showed broad substrate specificity, accepting saturated as well as mono- and polyunsaturated acyl-CoAs as substrates. High salinity and high temperature stresses increased UpDGAT1 expression and TAG accumulation in U. prolifera. The present study provides clues to the functions of UpDGAT1 in TAG accumulation in, and stress adaptation of, U. prolifera. Key words: Ulva prolifera, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, triacylglycerol, stress Citation: Zhang Xiaowen, Chi Xiaoyuan, Wang Yitao, Zhang Jian, Zhang Yan, Xu Dong, Fan Xiao, Liang Chengwei, Ye Naihao. 2020. Characterization of a broad substrates specificity acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 from the green tide alga Ulva prolifera. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 39(10): 42–49, doi: 10.1007/s13131-020-1659-0
1 Introduction Lipids are the major carbon and energy storage forms in various organisms, including vertebrates, oilseed plants, oleaginous fungi, yeasts, and algae. They are also important components of cellular membranes and signaling molecules, with essential functions in multiple physiological processes and stress regulation (Chen et al., 2011). As sessile organisms, plants and maroalgae are exposed to many types of biotic and abiotic stresses under their natural conditions. Plants can sense these stimuli and use lipids as substrates for the generation of numer
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