Characterization of isolates of Xanthomonas arboricola pv . corylina , the causal agent of bacterial blight, from Oregon
- PDF / 1,677,333 Bytes
- 14 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 51 Downloads / 183 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Characterization of isolates of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina, the causal agent of bacterial blight, from Oregon hazelnut orchards J. Bryan Webber 1 & Melodie Putnam 2 & Maryna Serdani 2 & Jay W. Pscheidt 2 & Nik G. Wiman 1 & Virginia O. Stockwell 3 Received: 1 October 2019 / Accepted: 25 January 2020 # This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2020
Abstract Bacterial blight (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (Xac)) of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) was described first in Oregon in 1915 and is now recognized as a damaging disease of young hazelnut trees worldwide. Thousands of hectares of new hazelnut cultivars that are resistant to eastern filbert blight (Anisogramma anomala) are being planted in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, where 99% of the US hazelnut crop is grown. Reports of bacterial blight on young hazelnut trees have increased but information about the causal pathogen is limited. Isolates were recovered from tissues with bacterial blight symptoms that were then characterized for their ability to grow on semi-selective media, their nutrient utilization profiles using Biolog GN2, quinate metabolism, copper tolerance, hypersensitive response on tobacco, and pathogenicity on hazelnut. Additionally, isolates were identified with a duplex PCR assay (ftsX and qumA), 16S rRNA sequence, and multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) using rpoD and gyrB. Pathogenic isolates were identified as Xac using morphological, biochemical, molecular, and host assays. Using MLSA, Xac isolates from Oregon separated into two clades, one clade with the type strain and a second clade previously described using isolates from Europe. The phylogenetic diversity of Xac observed in other countries also is present in Oregon. Keywords Copper-sensitive . Multilocus sequence analysis . Phylogenetic diversity . Re-emerging plant disease
Introduction European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a valuable crop worth up to $3.3 billion on the world market. The United States produces about 5% of the world’s hazelnuts. Currently 99% of the U.S. hazelnut crop is produced in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon (USDA-ERS 2019). This region of Oregon has mild winters and a long growing season, an ideal climate for hazelnut production (Olsen 2013). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00505-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Virginia O. Stockwell [email protected] 1
Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
2
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
3
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
Bacterial blight of hazelnuts (filberts) was first reported as a new disease in Oregon at the beginning of the twentieth century (Barss 1915). Bacterial blight is
Data Loading...
