Characterization of metal concentration, heavy metal elution, and desalination behavior of municipal solid waste inciner
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Characterization of metal concentration, heavy metal elution, and desalination behavior of municipal solid waste incineration bottom and grate sifting deposition ash based on particle size Shigenori Iino1,2 · Sukehisa Tatsuichi2 · Kentaro Miyawaki3 Received: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 25 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Resource and environmental safety protocols of incineration residues were evaluated by analyzing the metal concentration, heavy metal elution, desalination behavior, and chlorine removal ratio owing to particle size differences between bottom ash (BA) and grate sifting deposition ash (GA). In the total content test, Cl, Zn, and Cr in the incinerator BA exceeded the cement acceptance standard (Cl: 1000 mg/kg; Zn: 1700 mg/kg, and Cr: 170 mg/kg) at almost all of the particle sizes, while Au, Ag, Pd, and Zn had high contents in the GA. When using BA as a construction material, heavy metal elution values and contents are restricted as per the product quality standards based on the Japanese soil pollution control law. Lead within the BA and GA exceeded the standard values for most particle sizes. We predicted that there would be a limit on the elution of K by only washing with water. The removal ratio of total chlorine by particle size was approximately 20–70%, where the effect of the particle size on the removal ratio was small, suggesting that the elution of chlorine was complete in approximately 6 hours. These results contribute to information on the recycling of BA and GA. Keywords Bottom ash · Grate sifting deposition ash · Desalination · Elution · Sieving
Introduction In Japan, the final disposal amount of waste after intermediate treatment has decreased over time [1]. Whether the incineration residues are recycled or disposed of depends on the location of the intermediate treatment facilities, such as cement facilities and disposal sites [2]. Throughout Europe, the recycling of construction materials and metal resources has progressed in recent years by aging and weathering processes [3–5], as well as the physical sorting of municipal solid waste bottom ash [BA] [6–9]. * Shigenori Iino [email protected] 1
Fukushima Branch, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10‑2, Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura, Fukushima 963‑7700, Japan
2
Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, Tokyo Environmental Public Service Corporation, 1‑7‑5, Shinsuna, Koto‑ku, Tokyo 136‑0075, Japan
3
School of Science and Technology, Meisei University, 2‑1‑1, Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191‑8506, Japan
When incineration residue is used as raw material for the process of preparing cement raw material with limestone, clay, and certain types of by-products or wastes, it is necessary to remove the salts [10], which prompts the use of desalination for fly ash and BA [11] because the leaching concentrations of Cl can induce reinforced steel corrosion in concrete material. However, BA experiences changes in its mineral form due to contact with water in the BA discharge sy
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