Chemistry of Natural Products Derived from Marine Sources
The chemistry of substances derived from plants, fungi and bacteria has in past several decades received a great deal of attention. Indeed, many natural products and their synthetic analogs play an important part in several major industries today. However
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Introduction ............................................ . Steraids ................................................ . Sapogenins o! Marine Origin ...................................... 425 I3ile Alcohols and Eile ;\cids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 r Terpenes and Relatecl Hydrocarbons .............................. . \'I. Halogen·Containing Compounds .................................. . \'II. Non-Proteinoid Nitrogcn-Containing Substanccs .................... . \"I! I. Quinonoid and Related Pigments ................................ . IX. Carbohnlrates .................................................. . X. Eelated Topics ................................................. . Addendum .......................................................... . Heferences ......................................................... . I. I I. l II. !\·. \·.
Ac/mnw/edgmcnts. I "·ish to thank thc (GH-34) for financial support of this work. Sterling Laboratories, Yale Cniversity and Mr. C. KELLY, }Jrs. }1. NoRMA~ and Mrs. L. Institute, Eidgefield, Connecticut.
National Sciencc Foundation Sea Grant Thanks arealso due to Dr. A. I. ScoTT, Dr. J. H. GREEN, Mrs. B. B. PREMUZIC, M. FARMER, formerly all of Kew England
I. lntroduction The chemistry of substances derived from plants, fungi and bacteria has in past several decades received a great deal of attention. Indeed, many natural products and their synthetic analogs play an important part in several major industries today. However, a brief glance at the Iiterature dealing with marine sources reveals a gross Iack of chemical activity. vVe may describe investigations in marine science as zoological, biological, pharmacological, clinical and chemical-with activity decreasing in that order. Several outstanding works available today describe marine sources, even emde extracts of which show real and potential pharmacological activity; in general, however, the chemical information provided by the reports, is not arranged systematically. Nevertheless one fact is clear: marine species will yield many unique and useful compounds. It is Fortschritte d. Chem. org. Naturst. XXIX
E. Glotter et al., Fortschritte der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 29 © Springer-Verlag Wien 1971
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PREMUZIC:
not unreasonable to think that marine species as a source of unique compounds may eventually compete with their terrestrial counterparts. The above mentioned key references are Halstead's and Courvilles's Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World (II2), NIGRELLI and coworkers' Substances of Potential Biomedical Importance from Marine Organisms (2I6), Der Marderosian's Marine Pharmaceuticals (I82), Scheuer's The Chemistry of Toxins Isolated from Some Marine Organisms (253, 255) and Baslow's Marine Pharmacology (38a). While there are many other references, it is the opinion of this reviewer that the quoted references are the most comprehensive and up-to-date sources of information related to the fie
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